Category Archives: Quantum Computing
The University of New Mexico Becomes IBM Q Hub’s First University Member – HPCwire
May 28, 2020 Under the direction of Michael Devetsikiotis, chair of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), The University of New Mexico recently joined the IBM Q Hubat North Carolina State University as its first university member.
The NC State IBM Q Hub is a cloud-based quantum computing hub, one of six worldwide and the first in North America to be part of the globalIBM Q Network. This global network links national laboratories, tech startups, Fortune 500 companies, and research universities, providing access to IBMs largest quantum computing systems.
Mainstream computer processors inside our laptops, desktops, and smartphones manipulatebits, information that can only exist as either a 1 or a 0. In other words, the computers we are used to function through programming, which dictates a series of commands with choices restricted to yes/no or if this, then that.Quantum computers, on the other hand, process quantum bits or qubits, that are not restricted to a binary choice. Quantum computers can choose if this, then that or both through complex physics concepts such as quantum entanglement. This allows quantum computers to process information more quickly, and in unique ways compared to conventional computers.
Access to systems such as IBMs newly announced53 qubit processor (as well as several 20 qubit machines) is just one of the many benefits to UNMs participation in the IBM Q Hub when it comes to data analysis and algorithm development for quantum hardware. Quantum knowledge will only grow with time, and the IBM Q Hub will provide unique training and research opportunities for UNM faculty and student researchers for years to come.
How did this partnership come to be? Two years ago, a sort of call to arms was sent out among UNM quantum experts, saying now was the time for big ideas because federal support for quantum research was gaining traction. Devetsikiotis vision was to create a quantum ecosystem, one that could unite the foundational quantum research in physics atUNMsCenter for Quantum Information and Control(CQuIC) with new quantum computing and engineering initiatives for solving big real-world mathematical problems.
At first, I thought [quantum] was something for physicists, explains Devetsikiotis. But I realized its a great opportunity for the ECE department to develop real engineering solutions to these real-world problems.
CQuIC is the foundation of UNMs long-standing involvement in quantum research, resulting in participation in theNational Quantum Initiative(NQI) passed by Congress in 2018 to support multidisciplinary research and training in quantum information science. UNM has been a pioneer in quantum information science since the field emerged 25 years ago, as CQuIC Director Ivan Deutsch knows first-hand.
This is a very vibrant time in our field, moving from physics to broader activities, says Deutsch, and [Devetsikiotis] has seen this as a real growth area, connecting engineering with the existing strengths we have in the CQuIC.
With strategic support from the Office of the Vice President for Research, Devetsikiotis secured National Science Foundation funding to support a Quantum Computing & Information Science (QCIS) faculty fellow. The faculty member will join the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering with the goal to unite well-established quantum research in physics with new quantum education and research initiatives in engineering. This includes membership in CQuIC and implementation of the IBM Q Hub program, as well as a partnership with Los Alamos National Lab for a Quantum Computing Summer School to develop new curricula, educational materials, and mentorship of next-generation quantum computing and information scientists.As part of the Q Hub at NC State, UNM gains access to IBMs largest quantum computing systems for commercial use cases and fundamental research. It also allows for the restructuring of existing quantum courses to be more hands-on and interdisciplinary than they have in the past, as well as the creation of new courses, a new masters degree program in QCIS, and a new university-wide Ph.D. concentration in QCIS that can be added to several departments including ECE, Computer Science, Physics and Astronomy, and Chemistry.
Theres been a lot of challenges, Devetsikiotis says, but there has also been a lot of good timing, and thankfully The University has provided support for us. UNM has solidified our seat at the quantum table and can now bring in the industrial side.
For additional graphics and full announcement, https://news.unm.edu/news/the-university-of-new-mexico-becomes-ibm-q-hubs-first-university-member
Source: Natalie Rogers, University of New Mexico
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The University of New Mexico Becomes IBM Q Hub's First University Member - HPCwire
Riverlane partner with bio-tech company Astex – Quantaneo, the Quantum Computing Source
Riverlane builds ground-breaking software to unleash the power of quantum computers. Chemistry is a key application in which quantum computing can be of significant value, as high-level quantum chemistry calculations can be solved far faster than using classical methods.
World leaders in drug discovery and development, Astex Pharmaceuticals apply innovative solutions to treat cancer and diseases of the central nervous system.The two companies will join forces to combine their expertise in quantum computing software and quantum chemistry applications to speed up drug development and move us closer to quantum advantage.
As part of the collaboration, Astex are funding a post-doctoral research scientist at Riverlane. They will apply very high levels of quantum theory to study the properties of covalent drugs, in which protein function is blocked by the formation of a specific chemical bond.So far in this field of research, only empirical methods and relatively low levels of quantum theory have been applied. Riverlane will provide access to specialised quantum software to enable simulations of the target drug-protein complexes.
Dave Plant, Principal Research Scientist at Riverlane, said: This collaboration will produce newly enhanced quantum chemical calculations to drive efficiencies in the drug discovery process. It will hopefully lead to the next generation of quantum inspired pharmaceutical products.
Chris Murray, SVP of Discovery Technology at Astex said: "We are excited about the prospect of exploring quantum computing in drug discovery applications. It offers the opportunity to deliver much more accurate calculations of the energetics associated with the interaction of drugs with biological molecules, leading to potential improvements in drug discovery productivity."
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Riverlane partner with bio-tech company Astex - Quantaneo, the Quantum Computing Source
Bipartisan push for US$100 billion investment in science – University World News
UNITED STATES
The Endless Frontier Act was introduced by Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer (Democrat, New York), Senator Todd Young (Republican, Indiana), Representative Ro Khanna (Democrat, California) and Representative Mike Gallagher (Republican, Wisconsin).
The preamble to the act warns that although the United States has been the unequivocal global leader in scientific and technological innovation since the end of World War II, and as a result the American people have benefited through good-paying jobs, economic prosperity and a higher quality of life, today this leadership position is being eroded.
Far too many of our communities have tremendous innovation potential but lack the critical public investment to build the nations strength in new technologies, while our foreign competitors, some of whom are stealing American intellectual property, are aggressively investing in fundamental research and commercialisation to dominate the key technology fields of the future.
It says: Without a significant increase in investment in fundamental scientific research, education and training, technology transfer and entrepreneurship, and the broader US innovation ecosystem across the nation, it is only a matter of time before Americas global competitors catch-up and overtake the US in terms of technological primacy: whichever country wins the race in key technologies such as artificial intelligence, quantum computing, advanced communications, and advanced manufacturing will be the superpower of the future.
The bill argues that the US government needs to catalyse US innovation by boosting investments in the discovery, creation and commercialisation of new technologies that ensure American leadership in the industries of the future.
The bill would rename the National Science Foundation (NSF) the National Science and Technology Foundation (NSTF) and task a new deputy director with executing the new funding of fundamental research related to specific recognised global technology challenges with geostrategic implications for the United States and create within it a Technology Directorate.
The authorisation for the new directorate would be US$100 billion over five years to reinvigorate American leadership in the discovery and application of key technologies that will define global competitiveness.
Connecting disadvantaged populations
An additional US$10 billion would be authorised over five years for the Department of Commerce to designate at least 10 regional technology hubs, awarding funds for comprehensive investment initiatives that position regions across the country to be global centres for the research, development and manufacturing of key technologies.
There would be a drive to connect disadvantaged populations and places to new job and business opportunities developing key technologies.
Peter McPherson, president of the Association of Public and Land-grant Universities which comprises 239 public research universities, land-grant institutions, state university systems, and affiliated organisations said: Public research universities applaud Senators Schumer and Young and Representatives Khanna and Gallagher for their work across the aisle to bolster US discovery and innovation.
The Endless Frontier Act, whose name is taken from a 1945 report that issued a clarion call for what would become the National Science Foundation, serves as a key step in driving US global scientific leadership in the 21st century.
Now more than ever, we need a national commitment to science and research on a grand level. Research and innovation can create new sectors of the global economy, drive economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, and ultimately deliver long-term economic growth.
The Science Coalition, which represents more than 50 leading public and private research universities, issued a statement saying: In recent years, America has fallen behind its global counterparts in overall support and funding for fundamental scientific research, and this imbalance jeopardises our global economic competitiveness and our national security.
These lawmakers are right to prioritise funding for NSF and a new generation of cutting-edge research and technology. We commend their commitment to our researchers and STEM workforce pipeline that would chart a new course for American science and innovation.
According to the bill, the new directorate would fund research in the following areas:
Artificial intelligence and machine learning; High performance computing, semiconductors and advanced computer hardware; Quantum computing and information systems; Robotics, automation and advanced manufacturing; Natural or anthropogenic disaster prevention; Advanced communications technology; biotechnology, genomics and synthetic biology; Advanced energy technology; Cybersecurity, data storage and data management technologies; and Materials science, engineering and exploration relevant to the other focus areas.
The authorised activities would include:
Increases in research spending at universities, which can form consortia that include private industry, to advance US progress in key technology areas, including the creation of focused research centres.
New undergraduate scholarships, industry training programmes, graduate fellowships and traineeships and post-doctoral support in the targeted research areas to develop the US workforce.
The development of test-bed and fabrication facilities.
Programmes to facilitate and accelerate the transfer of new technologies from the lab to the marketplace, including expanding access to investment capital.
Planning and coordination with state and local economic development stakeholders and the private sector to build regional innovation ecosystems.
Increases in research spending for collaboration with US allies, partners and international organisations.
McPherson said the bill was needed to enable the US to compete with global rivals.
Federal investment in R&D has languished in recent decades. As a share of the economy, its a third of what it was at its peak. China, and other countries, meanwhile, have vastly expanded their investments in research and development, he said.
The current pandemic has underscored the critical need to redouble public investment in research and development. We must ensure more of these innovations and advancements take place in the US rather than elsewhere around the globe, he added.
This bill would not only advance US innovation, but also would help ensure the fruits of innovation are broadly shared. Investing in research across the country and in critical sectors such as quantum computing, biotechnology and robotics will help secure our place as home to the worlds most dynamic and advanced economy, McPherson said.
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Bipartisan push for US$100 billion investment in science - University World News
What’s New in HPC Research: Astronomy, Weather, Security & More – HPCwire
In this bimonthly feature,HPCwirehighlights newly published research in the high-performance computing community and related domains. From parallel programming to exascale to quantum computing, the details are here.
Developing the HPC system for the ASKAP telescope
The Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) telescope (itself a pilot project for the record-setting Square Kilometre Array planned for construction in the coming years) will enable highly sensitive radio astronomy that produces a tremendous amount of data. In this paper, researchers from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) highlight how they are preparing a dedicated HPC platform, called ASKAPsoft, to handle the expected 5 PB/year of data produced by ASKAP.
Authors: Juan C. Guzman, Eric Bastholm, Wasim raja, Matthew Whiting, Daniel Mitchell, Stephen Ord and Max Voronkov.
Creating an open infrastructure for sharing and reusing HPC knowledge
In an expert field like HPC, institutional memory and information-sharing is crucial for maintaining and building on expertise but institutions often lack cohesive infrastructures to perpetuate that knowledge. These authors, a team from North Carolina State University and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, introduce OpenK, an open, ontology-based infrastructure aimed at facilitating the accumulation, sharing and reuse of HPC knowledge.
Authors: Yue Zhao, Xipeng Shen and Chunhua Liao.
Using high-performance data analysis to facilitate HPC-powered astrophysics
High-performance data analysis (HPDA) is an emerging tool for scientific disciplines like bioscience, climate science and security and now, its being used to prepare astrophysics research for exascale. In this paper, written by a team from the Astronomical Observatory of Trieste, Italy, the authors discuss the ExaNeSt and EuroExa projects, which built a prototype of a low-power exascale facility for HPDA and astrophysics.
Authors: Giuliano Taffoni, David Goz, Luca Tornatore, Marco Frailis, Gianmarco Maggio and Fabio Pasian.
Using power analysis to identify HPC activity
Monitoring users on large computing platforms such as [HPC] and cloud computing systems, these authors a duo from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory write, is non-trivial. Users can (and have) abused access to HPC systems, they say, but process viewers and other monitoring tools can impose substantial overhead. To that end, they introduce a technique for identifying running programs with 97% accuracy using just the systems power consumption.
Authors: Bogdan Copos and Sein Peisert.
Building resilience and fault tolerance in HPC for numerical weather and climate prediction
In numerical weather and climate prediction (NWP), accuracy depends strongly on available computing power but the increasing number of cores in top systems is leading to a higher frequency of hardware and software failures for NWP simulations. This report (from researchers at eight different institutions) examines approaches for fault tolerance in numerical algorithms and system resilience in parallel simulations for those NWP tools.
Authors: Tommaso Benacchio, Luca Bonaventura, Mirco Altenbernd, Chris D. Cantwell, Peter D. Dben, Mike Gillard, Luc Giraud, Dominik Gddeke, Erwan Raffin, Keita Teranishi and Nils Wedi.
Pioneering the exascale era with astronomy
Another team this time, from SURF, a collaborative organization for Dutch research also investigated the intersection of astronomy and the exascale era. This paper, written by three researchers from SURF, highlights a new, OpenStack-based cloud infrastructure layer and Spider, a new addition to SURFs high-throughput data processing platform. The authors explore how these additions help to prepare the astronomical research community for the exascale era, in particular with regard to data-intensive experiments like the Square Kilometre Array.
Authors: J. B. R. Oonk, C. Schrijvers and Y. van den Berg.
Enabling EASEY deployment of containerized applications for future HPC systems
As the exascale era approaches, HPC systems are growing in complexity, improving performance but making the systems less accessible for new users. These authors a duo from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich propose a support framework for these future HPC architectures called EASEY (for Enable exAScale for EverYone) that can automatically deploy optimized container computations with negligible overhead[.]
Authors: Maximilian Hb and Dieter Kranzlmller.
Do you know about research that should be included in next months list? If so, send us an email at[emailprotected]. We look forward to hearing from you.
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What's New in HPC Research: Astronomy, Weather, Security & More - HPCwire
Total to crunch the numbers on ‘nanoporus’ materials to hone carbon capture – Recharge
Transitioning oil giant Total is ramping up research into quantum algorithms that would improve materials for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage, through a new multi-year partnership with UK start-up Cambridge Quantum Computing (CQC).
The quantum algorithms being developed will simulate all the physical and chemical mechanisms in these [materials] as a function of their size, shape and chemical composition something supercomputers dont have the processing power to do and make it possible to select the most efficient carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) materials to commercialise.
Quantum computing opens up new possibilities for solving extremely complex problems, stated Total chief technology officer Marie-Nolle Semeria.
We are therefore among the first to use quantum computing in our research to design new materials capable of capturing CO2 more efficiently. In this way, Total intends to accelerate the development of the CCUS technologies that are essential to achieve carbon neutrality in 2050.
Ilyas Khan, CEO of CQC, said: Carbon neutrality is one of the most significant topics of our time and incredibly important to the future of the planet. Total has a proven long-term commitment to CCUS solutions. We are hopeful that our work will lead to meaningful contributions and an acceleration on the path to carbon neutrality.
Nanoporous adsorbents are considered among the most promising solutions by Total, which aims to use the technology developed to capture CO2 emitted by the group's industrial operations, as well as selling it to other heavy emitter industries, such as the cement and steel sectors.
Interestingly, Total sees the new materials as potentially useful to so-called direct air capture projects as well as to trap emissions from conventional sources, such as refineries, factories and other heavy industry facilities.
Although it is generally agreed there are few technological barriers to developing CCUS, there are only 20 large-scale projects in operation including a 20m ($25.6m) scheme in the UK North Sea launched two years ago due to the absence of policy frameworks supporting investment in CCS.
The International Energy Agencys (IEA) Sustainable Development Scenario (SDS) underlines that to meet the Paris Agreements target of keeping global temperatures to 1.5C above pre-industrial levels, almost all new investment will need to be zero-carbon or be offset by the early retirement of another emitting facility or would require new technology like CCUS or hydrogen.
By IEA calculations, existing energy-using infrastructure including fossil fuel-driven power plants, industrial facilities and buildings will emit a total of 55 billion tonnes of CO2 through to 2040, which equates to almost 95% of emissions permitted in the SDS.
According to the agency, over 450 million tonnes of CO2 emissions could be captured globally for use or storage each year with an incentive of less than $40 per tonne of CO2 , a price point that could be reduced by increased investment in and deployment of CCUS, especially where there are opportunities to act at low cost.
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Total to crunch the numbers on 'nanoporus' materials to hone carbon capture - Recharge
Total partners with Cambridge Quantum Computing on CO2 capture – Green Car Congress
Total is stepping up its research into Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) technologies by signing a multi-year partnership with UK start-up Cambridge Quantum Computing (CQC). This partnership aims to develop new quantum algorithms to improve materials for CO2 capture.
Totals ambition is to be a major player in CCUS and the Group currently invests up to 10% of its annual research and development effort in this area.
To improve the capture of CO2, Total is working on nanoporous adsorbents, considered to be among the most promising solutions. These materials could eventually be used to trap the CO2 emitted by the Groups industrial operations or those of other players (cement, steel etc.). The CO2 recovered would then be concentrated and reused or stored permanently. These materials could also be used to capture CO2 directly from the air (Direct Air Capture or DAC).
The quantum algorithms which will be developed in the collaboration between Total and CQC will simulate all the physical and chemical mechanisms in these adsorbents as a function of their size, shape and chemical composition, and therefore make it possible to select the most efficient materials to develop.
Currently, such simulations are impossible to perform with a conventional supercomputer, which justifies the use of quantum calculations.
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Total partners with Cambridge Quantum Computing on CO2 capture - Green Car Congress
Seeqc UK Awarded 1.8M In Grants To Advance Quantum Computing Initiatives – Business Wire
LONDON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Seeqc, the Digital Quantum Computing company, today announced its UK team has been selected to receive two British grants totaling 1.8 million from Innovate UKs Industrial Challenge Strategy Fund.
Quantum Foundry
The first 800,000 grant from Innovate UK is part of a 7M project dedicated to advancing the commercialization of superconducting technology. Its goal is to bring quantum computing closer to business-applicable solutions, cost-efficiently and at scale.
Seeqc UK is joining six UK-based companies and universities in a consortium to collaborate on the initiative. This is the first concerted effort to bring all leading experts across industry and academia together to advance the development of quantum technologies in the UK.
Other grant recipients include Oxford Quantum Circuits, Oxford Instruments, Kelvin Nanotechnology, University of Glasgow and the Royal Holloway University of London.
Quantum Operating System
The second 1 million grant is part of a 7.6 million seven-organization consortium dedicated to advancing the commercialization of quantum computers in the UK by building a highly innovative quantum operating system. A quantum operating system, Deltaflow.OS, will be installed on all quantum computers in the UK in order to accelerate the commercialization and collaboration of the British quantum computing community. The universal operating system promises to greatly increase the performance and accessibility of quantum computers in the UK.
Seeqc UK is joined by other grant recipients, Riverlane, Hitachi Europe, Universal Quantum, Duality Quantum Photonics, Oxford Ionics, and Oxford Quantum Circuits, along with UK-based chip designer, ARM, and the National Physical Laboratory.
Advancing Digital Quantum Computing
Seeqc owns and operates a multi-layer superconductive electronics chip fabrication facility, which is among the most advanced in the world. The foundry serves as a testing and benchmarking facility for Seeqc and the global quantum community to deliver quantum technologies for specific use cases. This foundry and expertise will be critical to the success of the grants. Seeqcs Digital Quantum Computing solution is designed to manage and control qubits in quantum computers in a way that is cost-efficient and scalable for real-world business applications in industries such as pharmaceuticals, logistics and chemical manufacturing.
Seeqcs participation in these new industry-leading British grants accelerates our work in making quantum computing useful, commercially and at scale, said Dr. Matthew Hutchings, chief product officer and co-founder at Seeqc, Inc. We are looking forward to applying our deep expertise in design, testing and manufacturing of quantum-ready superconductors, along with our resource-efficient approach to qubit control and readout to this collaborative development of quantum circuits.
We strongly support the Deltaflow.OS initiative and believe Seeqc can provide a strong contribution to both consortiums work and advance quantum technologies from the lab and into the hands of businesses via ultra-focused and problem-specific quantum computers, continued Hutchings.
Seeqcs solution combines classical and quantum computing to form an all-digital architecture through a system-on-a-chip design that utilizes 10-40 GHz superconductive classical co-processing to address the efficiency, stability and cost issues endemic to quantum computing systems.
Seeqc is receiving the nearly $2.3 million in grant funding weeks after closing its $6.8 million seed round from investors including BlueYard Capital, Cambium, NewLab and the Partnership Fund for New York City. The recent funding round is in addition to a $5 million investment from M Ventures, the strategic corporate venture capital arm of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
About Seeqc:
Seeqc is developing the first fully digital quantum computing platform for global businesses. Seeqc combines classical and quantum technologies to address the efficiency, stability and cost issues endemic to quantum computing systems. The company applies classical and quantum technology through digital readout and control technology and a unique chip-scale architecture. Seeqcs quantum system provides the energy- and cost-efficiency, speed and digital control required to make quantum computing useful and bring the first commercially-scalable, problem-specific quantum computing applications to market.
The company is one of the first companies to have built a superconductor multi-layer commercial chip foundry and through this experience has the infrastructure in place for design, testing and manufacturing of quantum-ready superconductors. Seeqc is a spin-out of HYPRES, the worlds leading developer of superconductor electronics. Seeqcs team of executives and scientists have deep expertise and experience in commercial superconductive computing solutions and quantum computing. Seeqc is based in Elmsford, NY with facilities in London, UK and Naples, Italy.
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Seeqc UK Awarded 1.8M In Grants To Advance Quantum Computing Initiatives - Business Wire
Atos and CSC empower the Finnish quantum research community with Atos Quantum Learning Machine – Quantaneo, the Quantum Computing Source
This announcement marks a new step in the partnership between Atos and CSC, which was initiated in 2018 with the signing of a contract for a supercomputer based on Atos' architecture.
Now with the Atos QLM30, CSC brings together users from academia and industry, in order to acquire skills and develop further expertise in the field of quantum computing. Atos QLM enables the advanced study of applications of quantum theory, thereby creating new technologies and solutions for a wide range of problems.
"Kvasi will bring a novel and interesting addition to CSCs computing environment. The quantum processor simulator enables learning and design of quantum algorithms, supported by an ambitious user program. All end-users of CSCs computing services will have access to Kvasi", says Dr. Pekka Manninen, Program Director, CSC.
The Atos QLM is a quantum simulation platform that consists of an accessible programming environment, optimization modules to adapt the code to targeted quantum hardware constraints, and simulators that allow users to test their algorithms and visualize their computation results. This allows for realistic simulation of existing and future quantum processing units, which suffer from quantum noise, quantum decoherence, and manufacturing biases. Performance bottlenecks can thus be identified and circumvented.
"We are proud to be recognized by CSC as a trusted partner and to demonstrate our ongoing commitment to the competitiveness of the Finnish research and academic community. The Atos Quantum Learning Machine will allow researchers, engineers and students to develop and experiment with quantum software without having to wait for quantum machines to be available", says Harri Saikkonen, Managing Director, Atos in the Nordics.
Finland is at the forefront of quantum research. In 2016, Finnish and American researchers were the first in the world to observe and tie a quantum knot, using CSC computers to drive key simulations. In 2020, researchers from CSC, Aalto University and bo Akademi and their collaborators from Boston University, demonstrated for the first time how the noise impacts on quantum computing in a systematic way.
In November 2016, Atos launched an ambitious program to anticipate the future of quantum computing and to be prepared for the opportunities as well as the risks that come with it. As a result of this initiative, Atos was the first to successfully model quantum noise. To date, the company has installed Quantum Learning Machines in numerous countries including Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, the UK, the United States and Japan empowering major research programs in various sectors, such as industry or energy.
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Atos and CSC empower the Finnish quantum research community with Atos Quantum Learning Machine - Quantaneo, the Quantum Computing Source
Light Waves Used to Access Unique Properties of the Quantum World – AZoQuantum
Written by AZoQuantumMay 20 2020
Light waves are being used by researchers to speed up supercurrents, as well as to access the exclusive properties of the quantum realm, such as forbidden light emissions. Such unique properties could someday be applied to communications, high-speed quantum computers, and other types of technologies.
According to Jigang Wang, a professor of physics and astronomy at Iowa State University, the researchers have observed unanticipated things in supercurrentsfor example, electricity that travels via materials without any kind of resistance, typically at ultra-cold temperaturesthat break down the symmetry and are apparently forbidden by the traditional laws of physics.
Wang is also the leader of the project and a senior scientist at the U.S. Department of Energys Ames Laboratory.
Wangs laboratory was the first to apply light pulses at terahertz frequenciesthat is, trillions of pulses per secondto speed up electron pairs, called Cooper pairs, inside supercurrents. In this example, the scientists monitored the light produced by the accelerated electron pairs.
Interestingly, the researchers discovered light or second harmonic light emissions at double the frequency of the incoming light used for expediting the electrons. According to Wang, that is similar to colors changing from the red spectrum to the intense blue.
These second harmonic terahertz emissions are supposed to be forbidden in superconductors This is against the conventional wisdom.
Jigang Wang, Professor, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University
Wang and his colleagues have reported their findings in a research paper recently published online by the scientific journal Physical Review Letters. The collaborators included Ilias Perakis, professor and chair of physics at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Chang-beom Eom, the Raymond R. Holton Chair for Engineering and Theodore H. Geballe Professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
The forbidden light gives us access to an exotic class of quantum phenomenathats the energy and particles at the small scale of atomscalled forbidden Anderson pseudo-spin precessions.
Ilias Perakis, Professor and Chair of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham
(The phenomena are dubbed after the late Philip W. Anderson, who was the co-winner of the 1977 Nobel Prize in Physics and carried out theoretical analyses on the movements of electrons inside disordered materials, like glass, that do not have a regular structure.)
Wangs latest studies were realized with the help of a toolknown as quantum terahertz spectroscopythat is capable of visualizing and guiding electrons. Using terahertz laser flashes as a control knob, quantum terahertz spectroscopy speeds up supercurrents and accesses novel and potentially handy quantum states of matter.
The development of the instrument and the present analysis of the forbidden light were supported by the National Science Foundation.
According to researchers, access to these quantum states of matter and other quantum phenomena can help fuel breakthrough innovations.
Just like todays gigahertz transistors and 5G wireless routers replaced megahertz vacuum tubes or thermionic valves over half a century ago, scientists are searching for a leap forward in design principles and novel devices in order to achieve quantum computing and communication capabilities.
Ilias Perakis, Professor and Chair of Physics, University of Alabama at Birmingham
Perakis continued, Finding ways to control, access and manipulate the special characteristics of the quantum world and connect them to real-world problems is a major scientific push these days. The National Science Foundation has included quantum studies in its 10 Big Ideas for future research and development critical to our nation.
The determination and understanding of symmetry breaking in superconducting states is a new frontier in both fundamental quantum matter discovery and practical quantum information science. Second harmonic generation is a fundamental symmetry probe. This will be useful in the development of future quantum computing strategies and electronics with high speeds and low energy consumption, Wang added.
But before they can reach there, scientists have to perform more research on the quantum world. According to Wang, this forbidden second harmonic light emission in superconductors denotes a fundamental discovery of quantum matter.
Vaswani, C., et al. (2020) Terahertz Second-Harmonic Generation from Lightwave Acceleration of Symmetry-Breaking Nonlinear Supercurrents. Physical Review Letters. doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.207003.
Source: https://www.iastate.edu/
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Light Waves Used to Access Unique Properties of the Quantum World - AZoQuantum
Weekly Update: Global Coronavirus Impact and Implications on Quantum Computing Market Forecast Report Offers Key Insights, Key Drivers, Technology -…
Transportation restrictions and stringent government policies are causing a downturn in the growth scale of the Quantum Computing market amidst the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) lockdown period. Hence, analysts at Market Research Reports Search Engine (MRRSE) have collated a research study that provides an in-depth outlook on Coronavirus and how the novel virus can leave long-term effects in trade practices post lockdown period in the Quantum Computing market.
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The report on the global Quantum Computing market published by MRRSE provides a clear understanding of the flight of the Quantum Computing market over the forecast period (20XX-20XX). The study introspects the various factors that are tipped to influence the growth of the Quantum Computing market in the upcoming years. The current trends, growth opportunities, restraints, and major challenges faced by market players in the Quantum Computing market are analyzed in the report.
The study reveals that the global Quantum Computing market is projected to reach a market value of ~US$XX by the end of 20XX and grow at a CAGR of ~XX% during the assessment period. Further, a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the Quantum Computing market based on data collected from various credible sources in the market value chain is included in the report along with relevant tables, graphs, and figures.
Key Takeaways of the Report:
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Quantum Computing Market Segmentation
The presented study throws light on the current and future prospects of the Quantum Computing market in various geographies such as:
The report highlights the product adoption pattern of various products in the Quantum Computing market and provides intricate insights such as the consumption volume, supply-demand ratio, and pricing models of the following products:
Market Segmentation
By Component
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The report addresses the following doubts related to the Quantum Computing market:
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Weekly Update: Global Coronavirus Impact and Implications on Quantum Computing Market Forecast Report Offers Key Insights, Key Drivers, Technology -...