Category Archives: Quantum Computing
Team Devises Crystal-Clear Solution to Quantum Computing Puzzle – University of Texas at Dallas
From left: Xiuyao Lang, Dr. Kyeongjae Cho and Yaoqiao Hu found that making quantum computing qubits from thin sheets of crystals called transition metal dichalcogenides can avoid the challenges of using synthetic diamonds. The researchers are holding atomic structure models of solids, with the white sticks representing the bonding between atoms, and the blue, red and gray balls representing different atoms in solid structures.
University of Texas at Dallas researchers have developed a new approach that addresses challenges in the field of quantum computing and has the potential to revolutionize computing, communications and electronic security.
To make solid-state qubits, the basic information unit for quantum computers, a defect must be inserted into the solid material to control the spin states of electrons. Creating and positioning the defect, however, especially in the most commonly used solid material synthetic diamonds poses a major challenge.
UT Dallas researchers found that making qubits from thin, two-dimensional sheets of crystals called transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) instead of diamond can solve this problem. Led by Dr. Kyeongjae Cho, professor of materials science and engineering in the Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science, the researchers published their findings online Dec. 6 in Nature Communications.
We need to move away from using diamond to using a system that is 2D, like paper, to control defect positions. We investigated many different types of 2D materials and defects for this study, said Cho, who is the senior author.
While diamond qubits must first be converted to the correct infrared wavelength, TMD-based qubits do not need to be converted.
Dr. Kyeongjae Cho, professor of materials science and engineering in the Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science
Cho said the ability to control a qubits properties allows researchers to develop a better way of maintaining the qubit conditions needed for two essential processes: entanglement and long-distance communication over optical-fiber cable networks.
Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon in which qubits are linked and can transmit information to one another regardless of their physical distance. Its the underlying process that enables quantum computers to process huge amounts of information simultaneously. But entanglement can only be maintained under precisely controlled conditions. Optimizing qubit properties using TMDs is a key step in this process and should help produce reliable quantum information processing and communication, Cho said.
TMD qubits provide another advantage over those made from diamond. Long-distance communication between computers takes place over optical-fiber networks and requires the signals to be in the form of infrared light.
While diamond qubits must first be converted to the correct infrared wavelength, TMD-based qubits do not need to be converted, Cho said.
UTD researchers also collaborated with researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and other institutions to develop a method for fabricating smaller 2D TMD single crystal materials by geometric confinement. That research was published Jan. 18 in Nature.
Yaoqiao Hu, a materials science and engineering doctoral student at UTD and a co-author of both papers, became interested in the research while working on Chos quantum computer materials project.
I think quantum computing is very interesting it can solve problems that our classical computers cannot solve, Hu said. I want to use materials science to provide technology and make a contribution to the platform to achieve quantum computing.
Hu completed an internship at Texas Instruments last summer, and he expects to continue his work at the company after he finishes the last year of his doctoral program.
Xiuyao Lang, also a materials science and engineering doctoral student and co-author of the Nature Communications paper, enrolled at UTD in 2021 to study quantum technology.
I think its a very good opportunity for me to learn about quantum computing, said Lang, a Eugene McDermott Graduate Fellow. Its a good start for my doctoral research.
Additional UTD co-authors of the Nature Communications article include lead author Yeonghun Lee PhD21, now an assistant professor of electronics engineering at Incheon National University in South Korea, and Dr. Dongwook Kim, a former postdoctoral researcher in Chos lab. Researchers at the University of California, Santa Cruz and the University of Washington also contributed.
The UT Dallas researchers were supported by the Applications and Systems driven Center for Energy-Efficient Integrated NanoTechnologies, a component of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agencys Joint University Microelectronics Program. Additional support came from the UTD Center for Atomically Precise Fabrication of Solid-State Quantum Devices, the UTD Seed Program for Interdisciplinary Research and the National Research Foundation of Korea. Researchers from collaborating institutions received support from the Army Research Office and the National Science Foundation.
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Team Devises Crystal-Clear Solution to Quantum Computing Puzzle - University of Texas at Dallas
New experiment translates quantum information between technologies in an important step for the quantum internet – Phys.org
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by Meredith Fore , Chicago Quantum Exchange
Researchers have discovered a way to "translate" quantum information between different kinds of quantum technologies, with significant implications for quantum computing, communication, and networking.
The research was published in the journal Nature on Wednesday. It represents a new way to convert quantum information from the format used by quantum computers to the format needed for quantum communication.
Photonsparticles of lightare essential for quantum information technologies, but different technologies use them at different frequencies. For example, some of the most common quantum computing technology is based on superconducting qubits, such as those used by tech giants Google and IBM; these qubits store quantum information in photons that move at microwave frequencies.
But if you want to build a quantum network, or connect quantum computers, you can't send around microwave photons because their grip on their quantum information is too weak to survive the trip.
"A lot of the technologies that we use for classical communicationcell phones, Wi-Fi, GPS and things like thatall use microwave frequencies of light," said Aishwarya Kumar, a postdoc at the James Franck Institute at University of Chicago and lead author on the paper. "But you can't do that for quantum communication because the quantum information you need is in a single photon. And at microwave frequencies, that information will get buried in thermal noise."
The solution is to transfer the quantum information to a higher-frequency photon, called an optical photon, which is much more resilient against ambient noise. But the information can't be transferred directly from photon to photon; instead, we need intermediary matter. Some experiments design solid state devices for this purpose, but Kumar's experiment aimed for something more fundamental: atoms.
The electrons in atoms are only ever allowed to have certain specific amounts of energy, called energy levels. If an electron is sitting at a lower energy level, it can be excited to a higher energy level by hitting it with a photon whose energy exactly matches the difference between the higher and lower level. Similarly, when an electron is forced to drop to a lower energy level, the atom then emits a photon with an energy that matches the energy difference between levels. A diagram of the electron energy levels of Rubidium. Two of the energy level gaps match the frequencies of optical photons and microwave photons, respectively. Lasers are used to force the electron to jump to higher levels or drop to lower levels. Credit: Aishwarya Kumar
Rubidium atoms happen to have two gaps in their levels that Kumar's technology exploits: one that exactly equals the energy of a microwave photon, and one that exactly equals the energy of an optical photon. By using lasers to shift the atom's electron energies up and down, the technology allows the atom to absorb a microwave photon with quantum information and then emit an optical photon with that quantum information. This translation between different modes of quantum information is called "transduction."
Effectively using atoms for this purpose is made possible by the significant progress scientists have made in manipulating such small objects. "We as a community have built remarkable technology in the last 20 or 30 years that lets us control essentially everything about the atoms," Kumar said. "So the experiment is very controlled and efficient."
He says the other secret to their success is the field's progress in cavity quantum electrodynamics, where a photon is trapped in a superconducting, reflective chamber. Forcing the photon to bounce around in an enclosed space, the superconducting cavity strengthens the interaction between the photon and whatever matter is placed inside it.
Their chamber doesn't look very enclosedin fact, it more closely resembles a block of Swiss cheese. But what look like holes are actually tunnels that intersect in a very specific geometry, so that photons or atoms can be trapped at an intersection. It's a clever design that also allows researchers access to the chamber so they can inject the atoms and the photons.
The technology works both ways: it can transfer quantum information from microwave photons to optical photons, and vice versa. So it can be on either side of a long-distance connection between two superconducting qubit quantum computers, and serve as a fundamental building block to a quantum internet.
But Kumar thinks there may be a lot more applications for this technology than just quantum networking. Its core ability is to strongly entangle atoms and photonsan essential, and difficult task in many different quantum technologies across the field.
"One of the things that we're really excited about is the ability of this platform to generate really efficient entanglement," he said. "Entanglement is central to almost everything quantum that we care about, from computing to simulations to metrology and atomic clocks. I'm excited to see what else we can do."
More information: Aishwarya Kumar et al, Quantum-enabled millimetre wave to optical transduction using neutral atoms, Nature (2023). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05740-2
Journal information: Nature
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New experiment translates quantum information between technologies in an important step for the quantum internet - Phys.org
Innovation in the space industry takes off – MIT Technology Review
In the United Kingdom, all stars are aligning for the space industry to advance, including an active venture capital community, a government cognizant of space techs potential, and close collaboration. Add advancements in emerging technologies, like quantum computing, into the mix, and its potential ignites.
Joshua Western, CEO and co-founder of Wales-based space manufacturing startup Space Forge believes space to be the most important research frontier of our time. He sees space-based technologies as having a profound impact on everything from fighting cancer to developing alloys, semiconductors, electronics, and fibre optics. Its going to offer so many opportunities for so many different people to experiment, to research, and to really accelerate whatever it is that they might be working in on the ground, he says.
Space technologies are taking off in the UK, alongside other emerging technologies like quantum computing. I dont think theres a way we can do comprehensive space research and travel, if you like, without quantum technology, explains Simon Phillips, chief technology officer at Oxford Quantum Circuits (OQC). Its just too much to calculate.
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I think itll be very soon that when we talk about space technology it will always include quantum, says Phillips. Enabling space technology to include quantum, he explains, involves building ground-based systems that are capable of processing lots and lots of quantum information in ways that we never knew were possible before.
In the near term, quantum technologies could assist space R&D efforts such as mission scheduling, materials discovery, and studies on how space travel affects the space environment. Solving the issue of space debris is an area that might sound trite, but, as Phillips notes, its actually a bit of a problem. Quantum, he explains, can model space debris removal hundreds and hundreds of years into the future.
Longer term, quantum technologies could enhance our understanding of how people may be affected by their time in space. We have data on Mars, and we have data on humans, but we dont have an understanding of the interaction between those environments, says Phillips. With quantum, he says, we could work out how to protect people working in space, something he considers to be a critical issue.
As applications of quantum computing in space continue to grow, so too does the UKs space startup ecosystem.
Space Forge, for example, is developing a manufacturing hub that will travel in and out of Earths atmosphere. They will only produce goods in space that lead to a net positive benefit on the ground, says Western. He notes the various advantages of working within space, including a purified environment, lower pressure, extreme temperatures, and reduced carbon emissions. You can access plus or minus 250C, he says.
Meanwhile, radiation rays from the sun could be employed for lithography in making semiconductors. Despite sounding like something straight out of science fiction, all the technologies that are essential for this already exist, says Western.
Another notable UK space startup is Lumi Space. With support from the European Space Agency (ESA) and the UK Space Agency, Lumi Space is building the worlds first global, commercial satellite laser ranging service, which will enable safe, sustainable space exploration. Its technologys applications include collision avoidance, debris removal, and constellation management.
OQC offers the only commercially available quantum computer in the UK. If youre a space startup, you dont need to own a quantum computer, says Phillips. Part of what we do at OQC is put our contributions into colocation data centers, so were connected directly to everyones business.
The UKs space industry has blossomed in recent years, in part because the country acts as a bridge between the U.S. and Europe. Many EU-headquartered space companies have set up an office in the UK to be able to not only work with the UK, but to do better work with the States, says Western.
The UKs space and quantum industries have also received strong support from its government, which in 2022 pledged 1.84 billion to fund space programs and initiatives such as the UK-built Rosalind Franklin Mars Rover that is set to launch in 2028. The government also just announced 2.5 billion in funding to support quantum technologies in the UK for the next decade, as part of the National Quantum Strategy. The government also just announced 2.5 billion in funding to support quantum technologies in the UK for the next decade, as part of the National Quantum Strategy.
Various government departments offer support to companies looking to innovate in the space sector. UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), for example, facilitates fellowships, grants and loans for companies engaging with space science and quantum technologies.
And, bridging and supporting both the quantum and space industries, is the International Network in Space Quantum Technologies, a community of scientists and engineers funded by UKRI and the UK Engineering Physical Sciences and Engineering Council. In addition to hosting workshops and meetings, it organizes and funds research exchanges between its members.
And the UK also offers tax credits for any company looking to advance science or technology in new ways. When you are not profit generating, the ability for your R&D tax credits to be refunded to you, to enable you to carry out more R&D, is an absolute lifeline, explains Western.
Although government support is strong for the advancement of space and quantum technologies, there is a talent gap in both areas. Across STEM sectors as a whole, there is difficulty filling 43% of roles. There are several reasons for this gap.
People simply dont know that there is a space industry in the UK, says Western, who was employee number 50 at the UK Space Agency when it formed just over a decade ago.
In addition to generating awareness about the countrys space efforts, Western says its important to demonstrate that skilled individuals are supported to take the leap from one industry into another.
Very few of our team are from the space industry, says Western. Space Forge routinely recruits talent with expertise outside of space in areas like semiconductors, plasma and particle physics, and robotics.
For companies looking to use quantum computing to bolster their space R&D efforts, the same questions about talent recruitment exist. You would immediately assume that everything you do requires a PhD in quantum physics, and thats definitely not the case, says Phillips. He adds that quantum computers will only gain power and utility if people know how to use them. That starts with letting people play with quantum computers today to their hearts content.
In the UK, government support is propelling a thriving industry and allowing investors to contribute to new frontiers of science. Were talking about technologies that are like a light bulb to a candle, says Phillips. Its not going to happen by chance.
To see things differently, choose the UK. The Department for Business and Trade can connect you with dedicated, professional assistance to locate R&D investment opportunities and support. Get in touch to be connected with our R&D sector and investment experts.
This content was produced by Insights, the custom content arm of MIT Technology Review. It was not written by MIT Technology Reviews editorial staff.
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Innovation in the space industry takes off - MIT Technology Review
Quantum light manipulation a step closer, with potential in medical imaging and quantum computing – Cosmos
For the first time, scientists have been able to identify and manipulate photons particles of light which are interacting with each other.
The breakthrough has implications for quantum technologies including advances in medical imaging and quantum computing.
Photons can also be thought of as packets of light energy, or quanta of light. Over a century ago, physicists coming to grips with the weird world of quantum mechanics discovered wave-particle duality. Photons, electrons and other subatomic particles behaved not as either particles or waves, but exhibited characteristics of both forms.
Einstein first proposed in 1916 (published in 1917) that you could get atoms to emit photons by exciting the electrons in the atoms with energy. This type of photon scattering is seen every day now in lasers (LASER = Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) with large numbers of photons.
But this new research shows stimulated emission for single photons.
Now, scientists at the University of Sydney and Switzerlands University of Basel teamed up to observe stimulated emission for single photons for the first time.
The physicists were able to directly measure the time delay between one photon and a pair of photons scattering of a single quantum dot.
A quantum dot is a type of artificial atom produced using a nanometre-sized crystal structure. Quantum dots can convert light of one wavelength into another wavelength photon.
This opens the door to the manipulation of what we can call quantum light, says the University of Sydneys DrSahand Mahmoodian. This fundamental science opens the pathway for advances in quantum-enhanced measurement techniques and photonic quantum computing.
Understanding the nature of light not only captures the imagination, but underpins much of modern technology including mobile phones, global communications networks, computers, GPS and modern medical imaging.
Further advances in our knowledge of how light works promises to underpin new technological innovations.
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Light has already shown promise, through optical fibres, as a replacement for electrical networks for near distortion-free and ultra-fast transfer of information.
Its when we want light to interact that things get a little messy.
For example, interferometers are now common measuring tools that work by merging two or more light sources to create an interference pattern. Interferometers are used in medical imaging and in some of the most advanced experiments in the world such as LIGO at Caltech which was the first to detect gravitational waves in 2015.
Interferometers are limited in their sensitivity by quantum effects which make it difficult to tell the many photons in the device apart.
The device we built induced such strong interactions between photons that we were able to observe the difference between one photon interacting with it compared to two, says Dr Natasha Tomm from the University of Basel. We observed that one photon was delayed by a longer time compared to two photons. With this really strong photon-photon interaction, the two photons become entangled in the form of what is called a two-photon bound state.
Such quantum light devices, as opposed to interferometers which until now have used classical laser light, promise to have far higher resolution and sensitivity.
The researchers say this will be useful in fields such as medical imaging, and further research will be aimed at manipulating quantum light to produce fault-tolerant quantum computers.
This experiment is beautiful, not only because it validates a fundamental effect stimulated emission at its ultimate limit, but it also represents a huge technological step towards advanced applications, Tomm explains.
We can apply the same principles to develop more-efficient devices that give us photon bound states. This is very promising for applications in a wide range of areas: from biology to advanced manufacturing and quantum information processing.
The research is published in Nature Physics.
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Quantum light manipulation a step closer, with potential in medical imaging and quantum computing - Cosmos
T-Systems to Offer Quantum Computing Expertise and Access to … – IBM Newsroom
T-Systems offerings range from one-day introductory sessions to business-case proofs-of-concept over several months
As part of the IBM Quantum Network, T-Systems to provide customers with cloud access to IBM quantum computers
Mar 23, 2023
T-Systems will now have the ability to provide its customers with cloud access to IBMs quantum systems, including multiple quantum computers powered by the 127-qubit IBM Eagle processor. Quantum computing aims to enable calculations that are beyond the means of even the worlds most advanced classical supercomputers. This announcement sees the Deutsche Telekom IT subsidiary embark on the path to providing access to this technology, as well as insights on how it can be applicable to its customers businesses. In addition, T-Systems will offer dedicated quantum know-how and training.
Customers will have access to T-Systems quantum services tailored to their needs, in a set of different customizable packages. These range from one-day introductory sessions, through to business case proofs-of-concept over several months. The use of IBM Quantum computational resources over the cloud including Qiskit Runtime, which allows for the optimization and efficient execution of workloads on quantum systems at scale together with T-Systems services, will lower the barrier to quantum computing. This will allow T-Systems to develop and test customers use-cases and prepare them for a future with quantum computing. T-Systems aims to host its own quantum infrastructure in the future, assisted by IBM.
Accelerating progress towards tomorrows solutions
Quantum computing is a rapidly emerging technology that harnesses the laws of quantum mechanics to solve problems that todays most powerful supercomputers cannot practically solve.
By integrating quantum computing into their portfolio, T-Systems aims to further leverage their leadership position in advisory, cloud services and digital solutions beyond the local markets in key focus industries. The ultimate goal is to provide clients with a seamless experience, incorporated into their cloud landscape, as they look to uncover the potential of quantum computing for their businesses.
Quantum computing will be central to tomorrows IT landscape. We are combining quantum and classical computing in a seamless and scalable customer experience. states Adel Al-Saleh, Deutsche Telekom board member and Chief Executive of T-Systems. Taking these first decisive steps will lower the access barrier to quantum computing. IBM has an established track record in quantum computing leadership. The company offers the worlds largest fleet of quantum computers, accessible over the cloud. Al-Saleh continues: In IBM, we have a trusted partner to deliver this future technology. It is a perfect match for our industry focus and expertise.
Organizations around the world are beginning to explore how quantum computing will impact their industry and business. By partnering with T-Systems as a cloud provider, we will be able to offer access to quantum technology to an even broader ecosystem. Our team at IBM is excited to support T-Systems and their customers exploration of, and aspirations for quantum applications for their business operations, says Scott Crowder, Vice President, IBM Quantum Adoption and Business Development.
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About IBM
IBM is a leading global hybrid cloud and AI, and business services provider, helping clients in more than 175 countries capitalize on insights from their data, streamline business processes, reduce costs and gain the competitive edge in their industries. Nearly 3,800 government and corporate entities in critical infrastructure areas such as financial services, telecommunications and healthcare rely on IBM's hybrid cloud platform and Red Hat OpenShift to affect their digital transforIBM is a leading global hybrid cloud and AI, and business services provider, helping clients in more than 175 countries capitalize on insights from their data, streamline business processes, reduce costs and gain the competitive edge in their industries. Nearly 3,800 government and corporate entities in critical infrastructure areas such as financial services, telecommunications and healthcare rely on IBM's hybrid cloud platform and Red Hat OpenShift to affect their digital transformations quickly, efficiently, and securely. IBM's breakthrough innovations in AI, quantum computing, industry-specific cloud solutions and business services deliver open and flexible options to our clients. All of this is backed by IBM's legendary commitment to trust, transparency, responsibility, inclusivity, and service. For more information, visit https://www.ibm.com/quantum
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T-Systems to Offer Quantum Computing Expertise and Access to ... - IBM Newsroom
Deutsche Telekom to offer IBM quantum computing in the cloud – Capacity Media
The unit will offer one-day introductory sessions and business-case proofs-of-concept that last several months, it said today.
TSystems CEO Adel Al-Saleh (pictured) said: Quantum computing will be central to tomorrows IT landscape. We are combining quantum and classical computing in a seamless and scalable customer experience.
The company will offer its customers with cloud access to IBMs quantum systems, including multiple quantum computers powered by the 127-qubit IBM Eagle processor.
Deutsche Telekom said this announcement sees its IT subsidiary embark on the path to providing access to this technology, as well as insights on how it can be applicable to its customers businesses. In addition, T-Systems will offer dedicated quantum know-how and training.
Taking these first decisive steps will lower the access barrier to quantum computing, said Al-Saleh.
The company said customers will have access to TSystems quantum services in a set of different customizable packages.
TSystems will develop and test customers use-cases via cloud access to IBMs quantum systems, but said it aims to host its own quantum infrastructure in the future, assisted by IBM. Al-Saleh said: In IBM, we have a trusted partner to deliver this future technology. It is a perfect match for our industry focus and expertise.
Scott Crowder, VP of IBMs quantum adoption and business development, said: By partnering with TSystems as a cloud provider, we will be able to offer access to quantum technology to an even broader ecosystem.
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Deutsche Telekom to offer IBM quantum computing in the cloud - Capacity Media
Fujitsu and Osaka University Develop New Quantum Computing … – HPCwire
TOKYO and OSAKA, Japan, March 23, 2023 Fujitsu and Osaka Universitys Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology (QIQB) today revealed the development of a new, highly efficient analog rotation quantum computing architecture, representing a significant milestone toward the realization of practical quantum computing.
The new architecture reduces the number of physical qubits required for quantum error correction a prerequisite for the realization of fault-tolerant quantum computing by 90% from 1 million to 10,000 qubits. This breakthrough will allow research to embark on the construction of a quantum computer with 10,000 physical qubits and 64 logical qubits, which corresponds to computing performance of approximately 100,000 times that of the peak performance of conventional high performance computers.
Moving forward, Fujitsu and Osaka University will further refine this new architecture to lead the development of quantum computers in the early FTQC era, with the aim of applying quantum computing applications to a wide range of practical societal issues including material development and finance.
Error Correction for Fault-tolerant Computing: Making Practical Quantum a Reality
Gate-based quantum computers are expected to revolutionize research in a wide range of fields including quantum chemistry and complex financial systems, as they will offer significantly higher calculation performance than current classical computers. Logical qubits, which consist of multiple physical qubits, play a major key role in quantum error correction technology, and ultimately the realization of practical quantum computers that can provide fault-tolerant results.
Within conventional quantum computing architectures, calculations are performed using a combination of four error-corrected universal quantum gates (CNOT, H, S, and T gate). Within these architectures, especially quantum error correction for T-gates requires a large number of physical qubits, and rotation of the state vector in the quantum calculation requires repeated logical T-gate operations for approximately fifty times on average. Thus, the realization of a genuine fault-tolerant quantum computer is estimated to require more than one million physical qubits in total.
For this reason, quantum computers in the early FTQC era using conventional architecture for quantum error correction can only conduct calculations on a very limited scale below that of classical computers, as they work with a maximum of about 10,000 physical qubits, a number far below that required for genuine, fault-tolerant quantum computing.
To address these issues, Fujitsu and Osaka University developed a new, highly efficient analog rotation quantum computing architecture that is able to significantly reduce the number of physical qubits required for quantum error correction, and enable even quantum computers with 10,000 physical qubits to perform better than current classical computers, accelerating progress toward the realization of genuine, fault-tolerant quantum computing.
Fujitsu and Osaka University have been promoting joint R&D in quantum error correction technology including new quantum computation architectures for the early FTQC era at the Fujitsu Quantum Computing Joint Research Division, a collaborative research effort of the QIQB, established on October 1, 2021 at the campus of Osaka University as part of Fujitsus Fujitsu Small Research Laboratory program.
About the Newly Developed Quantum Computing Architecture
By redefining the universal quantum gate set, Fujitsu and Osaka University succeeded in implementing a phase rotating gate a world first which enables highly efficient phase rotation, a process which previously required a high number of physical qubits and quantum gate operations.
In contrast to conventional architectures that required repeated logical T-gate operations using a large number of physical qubits, gate operation within the new architecture is performed by phase rotating directly to any specified angle.
In this way, the two parties succeeded in reducing the number of qubits required for quantum error correction to around 10% of existing technologies, and the number of gate operations required for arbitrary rotation to approx. 5% of conventional architectures. In addition, Fujitsu and Osaka University suppressed quantum error probability in physical qubits to about 13%, thus achieving highly accurate calculations.
The newly developed computing architecture lays the foundation for the construction of a quantum computer with 10,000 physical qubits and 64 logical qubits, which corresponds to computing performance of approximately 100,000 times that of the peak performance of conventional high performance computers.
About Fujitsu
Fujitsus purpose is to make the world more sustainable by building trust in society through innovation. As the digital transformation partner of choice for customers in over 100 countries, our 124,000 employees work to resolve some of the greatest challenges facing humanity. Fujitsus range of services and solutions draw on five key technologies: Computing, Networks, AI, Data & Security, and Converging Technologies, which we bring together to deliver sustainability transformation. Fujitsu Limited (TSE:6702) reported consolidated revenues of 3.6 trillion yen (US$32 billion) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022 and remains the top digital services company in Japan by market share.
About Osaka University
Osaka University was founded in 1931 as one of the seven imperial universities of Japan and is now one of Japans leading comprehensive universities with a broad disciplinary spectrum. This strength is coupled with a singular drive for innovation that extends throughout the scientific process, from fundamental research to the creation of applied technology with positive economic impacts. Its commitment to innovation has been recognized in Japan and around the world, being named Japans most innovative university in 2015 (Reuters 2015 Top 100) and one of the most innovative institutions in the world in 2017 (Innovative Universities and the Nature Index Innovation 2017). Now, Osaka University is leveraging its role as a Designated National University Corporation selected by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to contribute to innovation for human welfare, sustainable development of society, and social transformation.
Source: Fujitsu
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Fujitsu and Osaka University Develop New Quantum Computing ... - HPCwire
Quantum computing and seagliders mark the week’s defense … – Washington Technology
At the start of March, the venture capital arms of two blue chip defense hardware companies revealed a pair of investments in startup technology companies as part of the constant search for "what's next."
Roughly two weeks on from that, the venture organizations of Lockheed Martin and Raytheon Technologies have a new pair of investments in emerging firms to talk about.
Here are their latest finds announced Wednesday.
Lockheed Martin Ventures
For this team of the world's largest defense company, identifying creations of promise in power and propulsion is a top priority as they look to bring those technologies into the military environment.
REGENT, a maker of electric-powered sea vehicles, represents the newest investment of Lockheed Martin Ventures and follows on from the backing of electric motor manufacturer H3X Technologies announced at the beginning of March. Terms of the investment in REGENTwhich stands forRegional Electric Ground Effect Nautical Transportwere not disclosed.
As REGENT and Lockheed see things: The Defense Department wants to incorporate high-speed, low-cost, low-signature, runway-independent mobility into maritime vehicles. REGENT designs its seagliders to travel at airplane-like speeds for up to 180 miles between destinations on all-electric, zero-emission power.
The company was founded in late 2020 and touts having secured $7.9 billion in orders since then from major airlines and leading ferry operators. REGENT plans to use Lockheed's investment for adapting the seagliders for use in defense missions such as logistics resupply, cargo transport, and search and rescue.
We believe that REGENT seagliders can bring tailored solutions to the future battlespace," Chris Moran, vice president and general manager of Lockheed Martin Ventures, said in a release. This investment reflects our commitment to innovating technologies that have the potential to transform the way we adapt to our customers needs and support mission success."
"We see defense strategy evolving toward an island-hopping force featuring agile, affordable, and distributed craft, REGENT's co-founder and chief executive Billy Thalheimer added. This investment is a strong signal that seagliders can fill this immediate need in the high-priority missions faced by our Department of Defense."
RTX Ventures
This division of Raytheon Technologies is one of several investors that are committing capital to Strangeworks, a five-year-old company focused on making quantum computing a reality.
Strangeworks fetched $24 million in a Series A funding led by Hitachi's venture capital arm, with RTX Ventures and IBM lined up as new investors. Lightspeed Venture Partners, Great Point Ventures and Ecliptic Capital made follow-on investments into a company they helped stand up with initial seed money.
The idea behind quantum is to increase computing power by encoding information through chains of entangled subatomic particles.
Traditional computers encode information through bits that are represented as either a 1 or 0. But quantum bits, or qubits, work to superimpose that bit value to be both a 1 and 0 at the same time and thus generating more computing power.
Strangeworks secured this funding round for its five-year plan to further develop the quantum computing capability and incorporate artificial intelligence into those new products.
"We believe Strangeworks' platform and their ability to make quantum and high-performance computing more accessible can support a wide range of applications in the aerospace, defense, and commercial sectors," Dan Ateya, president and managing director of RTX Ventures, said in a release.
"Raising the Series A from these exceptional investors in this challenging economic climate sends a clear message to the market on where enterprise companies are placing their bets in the race to create quantum value," Strangeworks' founder and CEO William Hurley added.
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Quantum computing and seagliders mark the week's defense ... - Washington Technology
Mikhail Lukin named University Professor Harvard Gazette – Harvard Gazette
Mikhail Lukin, a pioneer and leader in quantum science and quantum computing, has been named a University Professor, Harvards highest honor for faculty.
Beginning July 1, Lukin will hold the University Professorship established by Joshua Friedman 76, M.B.A. 80, J.D. 82, and Beth Friedman in 2017. The chair supports a tenured faculty member who has shown both extraordinary academic accomplishment and leadership within the University community.
A pioneer in applying quantum optics for quantum computing purposes, Professor Lukin is central to the Universitys ambitions in quantum science and engineering, Harvard President Larry Bacow said. As co-director of both the Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and the Harvard Quantum Initiative in Science and Engineering, he produces work that is not only elegant and beautiful, but also enormously promising in its capacity to create innovations that are likely to change many of our lives. It is a pleasure to welcome one of the best quantum information scientists in the world into the ranks of the University Professor.
Lukins work in quantum science and engineering aims to use quantum superposition and quantum entanglement the fundamental phenomena governing the interactions between photons, atoms, molecules, and electrons to create new devices and applications, including quantum computers.
Classical computers, such as smartphones and laptops, depend on binary bits of data denoted as 1s and 0s. Quantum computers use quantum bits, or qubits. Due to quantum superposition, which is the ability of something at the quantum level to be in multiple states at one time, qubits can be 1s, 0s, or both simultaneously. Because of qubits properties, quantum computers can solve highly complex computations in a few hundred minutes that would take a classical computer more than 10,000 years.
A pioneer in applying quantum optics for quantum computing purposes, Professor Lukin is central to the Universitys ambitions in quantum science and engineering.
Larry Bacow, Harvard president
According to Lukin, quantum computing has a potential to transform science and society, and the current era is akin to the early days of transistors and conventional computers, with many exciting opportunities that cut across physics, chemistry, biology, engineering, and computer science.
Quantum is a unique field, truly interdisciplinary, originating from physics, chemistry, and mathematics, with implications to philosophy, and more recently connections to engineering, computer science, business, global security, and public policy. At Harvard we have a truly extraordinary community that includes an exceptional group of students, postdocs, and faculty that closely collaborate across many departments and Schools, making it a very special place to do this work, said Lukin, who is currently the George Vasmer Leverett Professor of Physics. This groups collaborative efforts have already transformed the cutting-edge frontier in this field, and with this professorship, I hope to be able to help elevate this work even further by bringing together scientists and engineers to explore new scientific directions, make new discoveries, and realize applications that address the biggest challenges facing the world.
Lukin grew up in Russia at the end of the Cold War. He has said that those formative years were an unusual time that was extremely challenging, but he was fortunate to be taught by dedicated individuals who piqued his interest in physics and solving scientific problems while he earned his masters degree from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.
When he arrived in the early 1990s at Texas A&M University in College Station, where he received his doctorate, and later when he came to Harvards Institute for Theoretical Atomic and Molecular Physics as a postdoc, Lukin said that he was very lucky to work with a remarkable group of mentors and peers who took him seriously as a researcher, but also helped him to mature and develop both as a scientist and a member of his community.
Inspired by the influence of his mentors, Lukin has advised or sponsored more than 150 graduate students and postdoctoral fellows. He has also published more than 450 papers and has received several of the top awards in his field, including the I.I. Rabi Prize of American Physical Society (2009), the Willis E. Lamb Award for Quantum Optics and Laser Science (2017), the Charles Hard Townes Award of the Optical Society of America (2021), and the Norman F. Ramsey Prize of American Physical Society (2022).
The first University Professorships were created in 1935 as a means to recognize individuals of distinction working on the frontiers of knowledge, and in such a way as to cross the conventional boundaries of the specialties. With the addition of Lukin, 25 Harvard faculty members across the University currently hold this honor.
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Mikhail Lukin named University Professor Harvard Gazette - Harvard Gazette
Qubits put new spin on magnetism: Boosting applications of quantum computers – Phys.org
Up and down orientations of qubits at the nodes of a quasicrystal yield multiple magnetic configurations. Different textures can be created by applying different magnetic fields. A D-Wave quantum annealer demonstrated potential for material prototyping, experimenting with actual spins in purposely designed geometries. Credit: Los Alamos National Laboratory
Research using a quantum computer as the physical platform for quantum experiments has found a way to design and characterize tailor-made magnetic objects using quantum bits, or qubits. That opens up a new approach to develop new materials and robust quantum computing.
"With the help of a quantum annealer, we demonstrated a new way to pattern magnetic states," said Alejandro Lopez-Bezanilla, a virtual experimentalist in the Theoretical Division at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Lopez-Bezanilla is the corresponding author of a paper about the research in Science Advances.
"We showed that a magnetic quasicrystal lattice can host states that go beyond the zero and one bit states of classical information technology," Lopez-Bezanilla said. "By applying a magnetic field to a finite set of spins, we can morph the magnetic landscape of a quasicrystal object."
"A quasicrystal is a structure composed by the repetition of some basic shapes following rules different to those of regular crystals," he said.
For this work with Cristiano Nisoli, a theoretical physicist also at Los Alamos, a D-Wave quantum annealing computer served as the platform to conduct actual physical experiments on quasicrystals, rather than modeling them. This approach "lets matter talk to you," Lopez-Bezanilla said, "because instead of running computer codes, we go straight to the quantum platform and set all the physical interactions at will."
Lopez-Bezanilla selected 201 qubits on the D-Wave computer and coupled them to each other to reproduce the shape of a Penrose quasicrystal.
Since Roger Penrose in the 1970s conceived the aperiodic structures named after him, no one had put a spin on each of their nodes to observe their behavior under the action of a magnetic field.
"I connected the qubits so all together they reproduced the geometry of one of his quasicrystals, the so-called P3," Lopez-Bezanilla said. "To my surprise, I observed that applying specific external magnetic fields on the structure made some qubits exhibit both up and down orientations with the same probability, which leads the P3 quasicrystal to adopt a rich variety of magnetic shapes."
Manipulating the interaction strength between qubits and the qubits with the external field causes the quasicrystals to settle into different magnetic arrangements, offering the prospect of encoding more than one bit of information in a single object.
Some of these configurations exhibit no precise ordering of the qubits' orientation.
"This can play in our favor," Lopez-Bezanilla said, "because they could potentially host a quantum quasiparticle of interest for information science." A spin quasiparticle is able to carry information immune to external noise.
A quasiparticle is a convenient way to describe the collective behavior of a group of basic elements. Properties such as mass and charge can be ascribed to several spins moving as if they were one.
More information: Alejandro Lopez-Bezanilla, Field-induced magnetic phases in a qubit Penrose quasicrystal, Science Advances (2023). DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf6631. http://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adf6631
Journal information: Science Advances
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Qubits put new spin on magnetism: Boosting applications of quantum computers - Phys.org