Category Archives: Quantum Computer
Today’s Quantum Computers – Computer | HowStuffWorks
Quantum computers could one day replace silicon chips, just like the transistor once replaced the vacuum tube. But for now, the technology required to develop such a quantum computer is beyond our reach. Most research in quantum computing is still very theoretical.
The most advanced quantum computers have not gone beyond manipulating more than 16 qubits, meaning that they are a far cry from practical application. However, the potential remains that quantum computers one day could perform, quickly and easily, calculations that are incredibly time-consuming on conventional computers. Several key advancements have been made in quantum computing in the last few years. Let's look at a few of the quantum computers that have been developed.
Los Alamos and MIT researchers managed to spread a single qubit across three nuclear spins in each molecule of a liquid solution of alanine (an amino acid used to analyze quantum state decay) or trichloroethylene (a chlorinated hydrocarbon used for quantum error correction) molecules. Spreading out the qubit made it harder to corrupt, allowing researchers to use entanglement to study interactions between states as an indirect method for analyzing the quantum information.
In March, scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory announced the development of a 7-qubit quantum computer within a single drop of liquid. The quantum computer uses nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to manipulate particles in the atomic nuclei of molecules of trans-crotonic acid, a simple fluid consisting of molecules made up of six hydrogen and four carbon atoms. The NMR is used to apply electromagnetic pulses, which force the particles to line up. These particles in positions parallel or counter to the magnetic field allow the quantum computer to mimic the information-encoding of bits in digital computers.
Researchers at IBM-Almaden Research Center developed what they claimed was the most advanced quantum computer to date in August. The 5-qubit quantum computer was designed to allow the nuclei of five fluorine atoms to interact with each other as qubits, be programmed by radio frequency pulses and be detected by NMR instruments similar to those used in hospitals (see How Magnetic Resonance Imaging Works for details). Led by Dr. Isaac Chuang, the IBM team was able to solve in one step a mathematical problem that would take conventional computers repeated cycles. The problem, called order-finding, involves finding the period of a particular function, a typical aspect of many mathematical problems involved in cryptography.
Scientists from IBM and Stanford University successfully demonstrated Shor's Algorithm on a quantum computer. Shor's Algorithm is a method for finding the prime factors of numbers (which plays an intrinsic role in cryptography). They used a 7-qubit computer to find the factors of 15. The computer correctly deduced that the prime factors were 3 and 5.
The Institute of Quantum Optics and Quantum Information at the University of Innsbruck announced that scientists had created the first qubyte, or series of 8 qubits, using ion traps.
Scientists in Waterloo and Massachusetts devised methods for quantum control on a 12-qubit system. Quantum control becomes more complex as systems employ more qubits.
Canadian startup company D-Wave demonstrated a 16-qubit quantum computer. The computer solved a sudoku puzzle and other pattern matching problems. The company claims it will produce practical systems by 2008. Skeptics believe practical quantum computers are still decades away, that the system D-Wave has created isn't scaleable, and that many of the claims on D-Wave's Web site are simply impossible (or at least impossible to know for certain given our understanding of quantum mechanics).
If functional quantum computers can be built, they will be valuable in factoring large numbers, and therefore extremely useful for decoding and encoding secret information. If one were to be built today, no information on the Internet would be safe. Our current methods of encryption are simple compared to the complicated methods possible in quantum computers. Quantum computers could also be used to search large databases in a fraction of the time that it would take a conventional computer. Other applications could include using quantum computers to study quantum mechanics, or even to design other quantum computers.
But quantum computing is still in its early stages of development, and many computer scientists believe the technology needed to create a practical quantum computer is years away. Quantum computers must have at least several dozen qubits to be able to solve real-world problems, and thus serve as a viable computing method.
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Today's Quantum Computers - Computer | HowStuffWorks
The Week of January 24, 2022 – FYI: Science Policy News
White House Tweaks Immigration Rules to Attract STEM Talent
The White House announced a series of immigration policy changes on Jan. 21 that aim to improve the ability of the U.S. to attract and retain international STEM talent. Among the actions, the administration has added 22 new STEM fields to the Optional Practical Training (OPT) program, which allows international students to work in the U.S. after graduation for a period of time. The announcement states that the added fields of study are primarily new multidisciplinary or emerging fields, and are critical in attracting talent to support U.S. economic growth and technological competitiveness. Among them are bioenergy, climate and Earth system sciences, cloud computing, data science and visualization, and human-centered technology design, which encompasses fields such as human-computer interaction and neuroscience. Students in the listed fields will now be eligible for a 24-month extension of their time in the OPT program, beyond the regular 12-month duration for non-STEM students.
Other announced steps include changes to eligibility guidance for O-1A visas, which are conferred to persons of extraordinary ability in certain fields. Specifically, the Department of Homeland Security updated its policy manual on O-1A visas to provide examples of evidence applicants can submit to demonstrate STEM expertise. Separately, the administration is seeking to promote educational exchanges through a new State Department-led Early Career STEM Research Initiative that will facilitate non-immigrant visitors engagement in STEM through research or training with host organizations, including businesses. The department has also announced that STEM undergraduate and graduate students on J-1 visas can receive up to 36 months of academic training, up from the current cap of 18 months.
A federal judge dismissed charges against MIT nanoengineering professor Gang Chen on Jan. 20 after Department of Justice prosecutors concluded they could not prove he committed grant fraud and other crimes related to the concealment of connections with Chinese institutions. According to reports, DOJ reached its decision after learning from the Department of Energy that the connections prosecutors accused Chen of hiding did not need to be disclosed in 2017, when he applied for the DOE grant in question, and that they would not have affected his eligibility for funding. On Jan. 21, Chen published an op-ed in the Boston Globe calling for DOJ and Congress to review his case, arguing that investigators and prosecutors twisted evidence against him and committed glaring misconduct by failing to obtain, consider, and turn over exculpatory information. He also added his voice to a growing chorus condemning DOJs pursuit of cases against academics based on alleged nondisclosures of foreign ties, writing that the departments misguided theory of prosecution could likely apply to thousands of professors who failed to list every routine professional activity with any entity in a foreign nation (which was not a requirement at the time).
The Department of Justice announced on Jan. 21 that former University of Arkansas electrical engineering professor Simon Ang has pleaded guilty to lying to federal investigators about being named as an inventor on Chinese patents. In exchange, the department will drop dozens of other counts, most of which involve allegations of fraud committed against NASA and the U.S. Air Force stemming from his nondisclosure of ties to Chinese businesses and receipt of funding from Chinese talent programs. Angs lawyer told the journal Science that the patents in question had no monetary value and he was serving as an adviser to a Singapore-based company owned by his brother. The lawyer also said Ang agreed to serve a prison sentence of one year and one day because that is the minimum length conferring eligibility for early release, and that at age 64 he has no plans to seek reinstatement by the university, which fired him two months after his arrest in July 2020.
The White House announced last week that President Biden will nominate Katy Huff to lead the Department of Energys Office of Nuclear Energy, a role she had filled on an acting basis since last May. Given hernomination, DOE career official Andrew Griffith has taken over as acting head of the office and Huff is now serving as a senior advisor to the energy secretary. Huff is on leave from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where she is an assistant professor in the Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering. She received her doctorate in nuclear engineering from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 2013. In her time at DOE, she has advocated for aggressive development of advanced nuclear reactors, including through construction of the Versatile Test Reactor, a proposed user facility for exposing reactor components and materials to conditions comparable to those that would exist in new reactor designs.
The House Science Committee advanced an amended version of the National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure Reinvestment Act by voice vote last week. The bill wouldrecommend Congress provide $600 million to the Department of Energy over eight years to establish new nuclear facilities at universities. Specifically, it would direct DOE to carry out a subprogram that funds advanced nuclear reactor concept demonstrations, construction of medical isotope production reactors, and construction of up to four research reactors, among other activities. The bill furtherinstructs that the subprogram support regional consortia that encourage the participation of minority-serving institutions, community colleges, and universities in EPSCoR states. Among amendments the committee adopted, one by Energy Subcommittee Chair Jamaal Bowman (D-NY) authorizes DOE to support non-technical nuclear research, defined to include areas such as social sciences or law that can support an increase in community engagement, participation, and confidence in nuclear energy systems, including the navigation of the licensing required for advanced reactor deployment.
President Biden met with the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology last week following a meeting of the council, which focused on efforts to improve monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions and accelerate innovation in energy technology. According to a readout of the event, PCAST briefed Biden on four areas it is currently examining: protecting against physical and financial risks from climate change; using science and technology to detect, track, and fight wildfires; reimagining the U.S. public health system to address decades-old challenges laid bare by the pandemic; and ensuring U.S. leadership in science and technology innovation. Prior to the meeting, Biden remarked on the importance of science in decision-making. Its essential that science and scientific integrity are again taken seriously and are at the center of what were about as a nation; that scientists have a seat at the table, every table in the government, he said.
Within a wide-ranging executive order last week on cybersecurity of national security networks, President Biden directed relevant agencies to identify within 180 days any instances where they are using encryption methods that are not resistant to hacking by quantum computers and to provide a timeline for transitioning such systems to compliant encryption methods. The National Security Agency has promoted the adoption of such algorithms for years to hedge against the potential development of a quantum computer capable of breaking current encryption schemes. Although NSA has stated it does not know when or even if such a computer will be developed, security researchers have raised concerns that hackers could steal presently encrypted data and store it away for decades until a quantum computer capable of breaking the encryption is developed. NSA plans to eventually adopt post-quantum encryption methods selected by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, which is currently evaluating candidate algorithms.
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The Week of January 24, 2022 - FYI: Science Policy News
Quantum computers are on the path to solving bigger problems for BMW, LG and others – CNET
Marissa Giustina, a researcher with Google's quantum computer lab, draws a diagram showing "quantum supremacy" as only an early step on a path of quantum computer progress.
After years of development, quantum computers reached a level of sophistication in 2021 that emboldened commercial customers to begin dabbling with the radical new machines. Next year, the business world may be ready to embrace them more enthusiastically.
BMW is among the manufacturing giants that sees the promise of the machines, which capitalize on the physics of the ultrasmall to soar over some limits of conventional computers. Earlier this month, the German auto giant chose four winners in a contest it hosted with Amazon to spotlight ways the new technology could help the automaker.
The carmaker found quantum computers have potential to optimize the placement of sensors on cars, predict metal deformation patterns and employ AI in quality checks.
"We at the BMW Group are convinced that future technologies such as quantum computing have the potential to make our products more desirable and sustainable," Peter Lehnert, who leads BMW's research group, said in a statement.
BMW isn't alone in its determination to evaluate the practical application of quantum computers. Aerospace giant Airbus, financial services company PayPal and consumer electronics maker LG Electronics are among the commercial businesses looking to use the machines to refine materials science, streamline logistics and monitor payments.
For years, researchers worked on quantum computers as more or less conceptual projects that take advantage of qubits, data processing elements that can hold more than the two states that are handled by transistors found in conventional computers. Even as they improved, quantum computers were best suited for research projects, some as basic as figuring out how to program the exotic machines. But at the current rate of progress, they'll soon become powerful enough to tackle computing jobs out of reach of conventional computers.
Like cloud computing before it, quantum computing will be a service that most corporations rent from other companies. The rigs require constant attention and are notoriously fiddly. Though more work is required to tap their full potential, quantum computers are becoming more and more stable, a development that's helping corporations overcome initial hesitance.
Georges-Olivier Reymond, chief executive of startup Pasqal, says the progress is turning around skeptics who previously viewed quantum computing as a fantasy. A few years ago, employees at large corporations would roll their eyes when he brought up the subject, but that's changed, Reymond says.
"Now each time I talk to them I have a positive answer," Reymond said. "They are ready to engage."
One new customer is European defense contractor Thales, which is interested in quantum computing applications in sensors and communications. "Pasqal's quantum processors can efficiently address large size problems that are completely out of reach of classical computing systems," Thales Chief Technology Officer Bernhard Quendtsaid in a statement.
Of course, quantum computing is still a tiny fraction of the traditional computing market, but it's growing fast. About $490 million was spent on quantum computers, software and services in 2021, Hyperion Research analyst Bob Sorensen said at the Q2B conference held by quantum computing software company QC Ware in December. He expects spending to grow by 22% to $597 million in 2022 and at an average of 26% a year through 2024. By comparison, spending on conventional computing is expected to rise 4% in 2021 to $3.8 trillion, Gartner analysts predict.
The growing commercial activity is notable given that using a quantum computer costs $3,000 to $5,000 per hour, according to Jean-Francois Bobier, an analyst at Boston Consulting Group. A conventional, high-performance computer hosted on a cloud service costs a half penny for the same amount of time.
Analysts say the real spending on quantum computing will start when the industry tackles error correction, a solution to the vexing problem of easily perturbed qubits that derail calculations. The fidelity of a single computing step on the most advanced machines is around 99.9%, leaving a degree of flakiness that makes a raw quantum computing calculation unreliable. As a result, quantum computers have to run the same calculation many times to provide confidence that the answer is correct.
Once error correction is mature, the revenue generated through quantum computing will explode, according to Boston Consulting Group. With today's machines, that value will likely total between $5 billion and $10 billion by 2025, according to the consultancy's estimates. Once error corrected machines arrive, the total could leap forward to hit $450 billion to $850 billion by 2040.
Software and services that hide the complexity of quantum computers also will boost usage. IonQ CEO Peter Chapman predicts that in 2022, developers will be able to easily train their AI models with quantum computers. "You don't need to know anything about quantum," Chapman said. "You just give it the data set and it spits back a model."
Among the signs of commercial interest:
Quantum computers today are more of a luxury than a necessity. But with their potential to transform materials science, shipping, financial services and product design, it's not a surprise companies like BMW are investing. The automaker stands to benefit from knowing better how materials will deform in a crash or training its vehicles' vision AI faster. Though quantum computers might not produce a payoff this year or next, there's a cost to missing out on the technology once it matures.
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Quantum computers are on the path to solving bigger problems for BMW, LG and others - CNET
Research Opens the Door to Fully Light-Based Quantum Computing – Tom’s Hardware
A team of researchers with Japan's NTT Corporation, the Tokyo University, and the RIKEN research center have announced the development of a full photonics-based approach to quantum computing. Taking advantage of the quantum properties of squeezed light sources, the researchers expect their work to pave the road towards faster and easier deployments of quantum computing systems, avoiding many practical and scaling pitfalls of other approaches. Furthermore, the team is confident their research can lead towards the development of rack-sized, large-scale quantum computing systems that are mostly maintenance-free.
The light-based approach in itself brings many advantages compared to traditional quantum computing architectures, which can be based on a number of approaches (trapped ions, silicon quantum dots, and topological superconductors, just to name a few). However, all of these approaches are somewhat limited from a physics perspective: they all need to employ electronic circuits, which leads to Ohmic heating (the waste heat that results from electrical signals' trips through resistive semiconductor wiring). At the same time, photonics enable tremendous improvements in latency due to data traveling at the speed of light.
Photonics-based quantum computing takes advantage of emerging quantum properties in light. The technical term here is squeezing the more squeezed a light source is, the more quantum behavior it demonstrates. While a minimum squeezing level of over 65% was previously thought required to unlock the necessary quantum properties, the researchers achieved a higher, 75% factor in their experiments. In practical terms, their quantum system unlocks a higher than 6 THz frequency band, thus taking advantage of the benefits of photonics for quantum computing without decreasing the available broadband to unusable levels.
The researchers thus expect their photonics-based quantum design to enable easier deployments there's no need for exotic temperature controls (essentially sub-zero freezers) that are usually required to maintain quantum coherence on other systems. Scaling is also made easier and simplified: there's no need to increase the number of qubits by interlinking several smaller, coherent quantum computing units. Instead, the number of qubits (and thus the performance of the system) can be increased by continuously dividing light into "time segments" and encoding different information in each of these segments. According to the team, this method allows them to "easily increase the number of qubits on the time axis without increasing the size of the equipment."
All of these elements combined allow for a reduction in required raw materials while doing away with the complexity of maintaining communication and quantum coherence between multiple, small quantum computing units. The researchers will now focus on actually building the photonics-based quantum computer. Considering how they estimate their design can scale up towards "millions of qubits," their contributions could enable a revolutionary jump in quantum computation that skips the expected "long road ahead" for useful qubit counts to be achieved.
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Research Opens the Door to Fully Light-Based Quantum Computing - Tom's Hardware
10 science breakthroughs of 2021 that you need to know about – India Today
Science news of 2021 was dominated by Covid-19 with good reason and the next year may also likely be the same. But the pandemic wasnt all that science was dealing with in 2021. The year saw many interesting and important science breakthroughs, many of which we will be hearing more about in the coming years.
As we bring in the new year amidst rising cases of Omicron, let us take a step back and see how far we have come in the field of science with these 10 science news and science breakthroughs of 2021:
The development of the Covid-19 vaccines is actually part of the science news of 2020, but it is in 2021 that they were rolled out.
The Pfizer and Moderna Covid-19 vaccines were rolled out for emergency use for adults in record time last December, followed by Johnson & Johnsons single-shot vaccine in February 2021.
The Covid-19 vaccine has now become available for children as young as five.
The fastest vaccine development-to-deployment period before this was the Mumps vaccine in the 1960s and that took four years.
Malaria is still one of the most dangerous diseases on the planet that kills around half a million people annually. Over half of those are children under the age of five.
The World Health Organization (WHO) in October approved the worlds first malaria vaccine for kids, which is also the first vaccine against any parasitic disease.
Mosquirixthe brand name of the drugcost more than USD 750 million to develop and test since 1987.
The new vaccine fights the deadliest of five malaria pathogens and is delivered in a series of four injections. This science breakthrough could prevent around 5.3 million malaria cases every year.
The James Webb Space Telescope, the largest and most powerful space telescope ever developed, launched in December.
It will travel nearly 1 million miles over 30 days to a stable spot in space, and then take another six months to unfold its instruments, align, and calibrate.
The work to create the telescope started in 1996 by NASA, the Canadian Space Agency and the European Space Agency, and it cost around USD 500 million. The launch was delayed several times.
For the next several decades, it will track Earths orbit around the sun. Previously unseeable parts of the universe would now be observable and it would be able to do things the Hubble Space Telescope cannot.
Humans will soon be able to see possible signs of live on other planet, watch the birth of stars, and discover how early galaxies formed.
Three missions arrived at Mars in February 2021, taking advantage of the Earth-Mars orbit alignment, something that happens once every 26 months.
The United Arab Emirates Hope orbiter aimed to study the past and present climate of Mars from orbit by monitoring the Red Planets daily, monthly and yearly changes.
The Chinese National Space Agencys (CNSA) Tianwen-1 surveyed the surface of Mars from orbit and then set down the Zhurong rover in the large Utopia Planitia on Mars. The goal was to test Chinas ability to move around on the Martian surface.
NASAs Perseverance lander, which is based on the design of the Curiosity but comes with a suite of instruments to drill and store rock samples, will spend the next few years travelling across Jezero Crater.
It will collect up to 43 rock samples which will them be sent back in caches in the Sample Return mission which is still being planned.
One of the biggest science breakthroughs on Mars is the test to see if we can fly through the Martian atmosphere.
The Ingenuity Helicopter, which came along with Perseverance as a technology demonstration mission, is a small drone-like rotocraft. It has now travelled more than 2 km.
Perseverances journey is being helped by the Ingenuity Helicopter which is scouting ahead and highlighting potential hazards or objects of interest with its equipped camera.
This year on Mars, the UAE learned how to orbit, China learned how to land, and NASA learned how to fly.
Cambridge researchers in a paper in August speculated about the existence of a world falling into the category of Hycean planets which could support life.
The world they spoke about would be around 2.6 times the size of Earth, with a Hydrogen-rich atmosphere, hot and covered with oceans. Humans wouldnt be able to survive in such a world but other creatures would.
Since it is easier to detect biosignatures from Hycean planets (such as methyl chloride and dimethyl sulphide) than from Earth-like planets (such as oxygen, methane, etc.) it is possible to detect and confirm extra-terrestrial life in the next two or three tears.
A lot of the exoplanets we already know of would belong to the class of Hycean planets.
The concept of gene editing is rapidly taking strides and in June 2021, the CRISPR Cas-9 gene editor was injected directly into the bloodstream of a patient with a rare inherited disease.
Usually, cells are extracted from a patient and CISPR works on them in a lab setting before the edited genes are returned into the body.
It is a time-consuming and expensive process and often, the patients often need to undergo chemotherapy afterwards.
This case concerning the previously untreatable condition of transthyretin amyloidosis was quick and successful, and the treatment even saw a decline in the destructive proteins that build up in the tissues and organs of someone with this disease.
Ninety years ago, a skull fossil was discovered in China and then hidden by a family until a farmer gave it to a university museum in 2018.
Researchers from China analysed the skill using uranium series dating, and X-ray fluorescence and declared it a new species of early humans.
The skull had a large cranium which can hold a big brain, a thick brow and almost square eye sockets these differentiate it from the other Homo species.
Homo longi or dragon man, as this new species has been named, was earlier suggested to be a later Pleistocene human, joining Homo sapiens and Neanderthals.
However, the debate still continues about whether it should be called a new species, and we need to wait for ore fossils to fill the holes in the early human history.
A related science breakthrough of 2021 involves Neanderthals palaeontologists from Madrid who created 3D-models of the ear structures of Neanderthals claimed that they possibly had the capacity to speak and hear just like Homo sapiens, the modern human species.
Our concepts about early human species have certainly been shifting as we uncover more data,
Quantum computers can do in seconds what the best supercomputers of today would take several days or weeks to process.
Quantum computer uses the laws of quantum physics for incredible processing capabilities which can revolutionise meteorology, cybersecurity, manufacturing, national defense, and much more.
In November 2021, IBM launched its 127-qubit Eagle. This is the most powerful quantum processor yet.
Later, the company Quantinuum launched a cloud-based cybersecurity platform called Quantum Origin, the worlds first commercial product built from quantum computing.
Quantum computing is now set to evolve rapidly.
Humans have been affecting animal evolution directly and indirectly. Studies have shown a sharp rise in tuskless African elephants after years of poaching activities.
This is because poachers killed so many elephants with giant tusks during the Mozambican Civil War from 1977 to 1992, that it was the females without huge tusks that were more likely to pass on their genes.
Before the war, around 20 percent were tuskless and now around half of the female elephants are tuskless.
Apart from killing animals, one of the indirect ways animal evolution is being impacted thanks to humans is how they are dealing with rising temperatures caused by global warming.
A study in Trends in Ecology and Evolution found that bats have been growing bigger wings and rabbits growing longer ears both of these are likely to dissipate more heat into the surrounding air.
Science Advances published more evidence on these lines. Most likely as a result of rising temperatures and changes in rainfall patterns, 77 species of birds from a remote patch in the Amazon rainforest were observed to weight lesser and have longer wings over a period of 40 years.
Scientists have been trying to build an artificial heart for over 50 years now. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) take an estimated 17.9 million lives around the world each year and are the leading causes of deaths globally.
An Australian research team has created BiVACOR, a titanium heart that utilises spinning disc technology.
It doesnt work exactly like a human heart but tries to surpass evolution with a better mechanism to pump blood around the human body. It has a circular pump suspended between magnets in an artificial heart made of titanium.
A full human trial is yet to be conducted. Till now, it has been tested only temporarily on heart transplant patients and has undergone animal trials.
Read: Scientists discover new jaw muscle after dissecting 12 human cadaver heads
Read: 30 Unbelievable facts about human body
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10 science breakthroughs of 2021 that you need to know about - India Today
7 Tech Trends Where Israel Could Make An Impact In 2022 – NoCamels – Israeli Innovation News
As we head into 2022, forecasts for Israels bubbling tech sector are big, optimistic, and showing no signs of slowing down. Industry experts and tech investors are looking ahead with eyes wide open and faith in the countrys entrepreneurs that the year to come will be strong with stable growth.
We continue to be really excited about Israel as a focus area, Nicole Priel, partner at Ibex Investors, tells NoCamels. Weve been really active in Israel and we dont see that slowing downWe see so much promise in this ecosystem across enterprise software and other sectors.
The outgoing year has been one of record-breaking funding, turning crises into opportunity, globally recognized groundbreaking inventions, a surge in valuations of Israeli tech firms, big acquisitions, and maturation into a scale-up nation.
We really are transitioning from startup nation to scale-up nation and this is just attracting so much capital, says Jonathan Medved, founder, and CEO of OurCrowd.
Israeli innovation is everywhere, touching numerous tech sectors simultaneously. In 2021, local tech companies continued to take the lead in cybersecurity, agriculture technologies, financial technologies, mobility, data, and digital privacy, among other fields.
The big question: Where will Israel make its mark in 2022?
With so many booming sectors within the high-tech arena, its a tough call to make. So, NoCamels asked the experts to share their predictions for the next 12 months.
If the pundits are right, these are the 7 tech trends where Israel will make an impact in 2022:
E-commerce has exploded throughout 2021, in large part due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
According to market reports, 66 percent of customers choose what to buy based on convenience. So, it is no surprise that e-commerce is a booming industry.
Theres a couple of spaces that we think Israel is really going to excel in, anda couple of them are around e-commerce. We are thinking a lot about how companies are going to chip away at Amazons monopoly, including around logistics and warehousing Priel told NoCamels.
Israeli companies are looking for solutions to rapid shipping and the online returns space, among other areas. Priel says Ibex Investors are taking a look at the online returns space and thinking about how startups can help mitigate online returns to create a stronger online shopping experience overall.
In addition to changing the way users shop, sellers need strong e-commerce tools for their online stores.
More focus and emphasis is going to be placed on customer success as a driver within SaaS organizations, so we are excited to see what technologies will pop up to support CS organizations and help drive revenue, says Priel.
It is more expensive to acquire a new customer than it is to retain a previous customer, Priel explains. It is because of this principle of marketing that customer satisfaction will become a more dominant indicator and marketing metric for SaaS-based companies which could allow sales teams to more accurately serve their clientele.
And, its not just in the traditional e-commerce space that well see new solutions.
Medved believes the next 10 years will see huge growth in immersive e-commerce.
We are looking at all kinds of AR, VR, more immersive interactions [in general] will become more normal over the coming years, he says, noting investments in ByondXR, an Israeli software company that creates immersive virtual stores where people can pick out goods, and ZipIt, which can turn any store into a touchless, personless Amazon-like store.
More advanced logistics, last-mile delivery, and shipment innovations are going to be a popular trend in tech in 2022, says Priel, citing dark kitchens food producers with no physical location and dark warehouses spaces used to deliver orders to shorten the distance to the consumer as examples.
We are also very excited about the idea of dark kitchens and dark warehouses for delivering items to consumers, whether its merchandise or food, says Priel.
While these unique distribution methods are important for last-mile delivery, the COVID-19 pandemic put the spotlight on supply chain logistics in general.
Supply chain is critical [and] Israel is very strong in terms of optimization and planning. There are a lot of unmet needs that we are busy working on, says Medved.
Blue-and-white solutions include Freightos, which streamlines the shipping industry through an international freight marketplace; BionicHive, which deploys easily portable and autonomously machines around warehouses; and Trellis which predicts the yield, cost, and quality of produce while using AI to accurately move goods.
Semiconductors are found in every piece of hardware we use from personal computers, cars, databases, toasters to rocket ships, and more.
Israel has a global name for its hardware innovation. With an ever-increasing need for processing power thanks to big data and AI its no surprise that in 2021, this country continued its rule as a global powerhouse in semiconductor and computer chip R&D.
Intel announced in May that it will be investing $10 billion in a new processing center in Kiryat Gat in addition to investing $600 million in its centers in Haifa and Jerusalem.
In March, Google announced that it will be doubling down on Israeli computer chip design and production. They hired former senior Intel executive, Uri Frank as VP of Engineering of Server Chip Design to build a world-class team in Israel.
Market reports show 2022 demand for computer chips is meant to rise. And this will only benefit Israel.
The increasing importance of semiconductors will only be good for Israel. We have situations like Facebook, Microsoft, and Amazon all talking about setting up semiconductor activities here, says Medved.
Technology can only move as fast as the computer chips its built on. So how is Israel making them faster?
The answer is quantum computing.
Quantum Computing is a type of computing that harnesses the properties of quantum states to create calculations. Naturally, computers can only compute information as fast as physics will allow the particles to move. But, utilizing quantum properties, information can move much, much faster than currently possible.
The Israeli government is making a strong effort to push Israel forward in the field.
In 2019, the Knesset committed roughly $400 million to a five-year National Quantum Initiative which included $60 million towards the effort of producing a quantum computer. Physics Today reported in October that over the last two years, there has been a leap from five to 30 quantum-based companies in Israel.
Earlier this month, Hebrew University Physicist, Dr. Shlomi Kotler, won Physics Worlds 2021 Breakthrough of the Year award, presented by the UK-based Institute of Physics to two research teams who advanced the understanding of quantum systems.
His team successfully quantum-mechanically entangles two drumheads that can be used as quantum sensors or nodes in a quantum network.
Physics World editors chose this years winners from nearly 600 published research articles and wrote the winners demonstrated important work for scientific progress and/or the development of real-world applications.
CEO and co-founder of Israeli-based, Quantum Machines, Itamar Sivan told Physics Today that he has no doubt that quantum computing will become influential and its ultimately a question of When?. He credits his companys success to the easy accessibility to funding for quantum based-firms. He said, There are great engineers and amazing talent in Israel. We can find people here who are both experts in quantum but also have some engineering background.
SEE ALSO: On Yom Haatzmaut, A Look At Israels Innovation Contributions To The World
Talking about the upcoming year, Medved says, 2022 will see Quantum Computing attract continued strong interest from investors. I expect that global Quantum VC investment will more than double from 2021s $1 billion and that revenues of Quantum companies will near $500 million in 2022. While this is impressive growth, we havent seen anything yet. In a decade from now, Quantum will be ubiquitous, and will be an order of magnitude larger in investment and revenues. While the mainstream adoption of quantum computing is still a decade away, the technological advances that are coming out of Israel will definitely make waves in the coming year and beyond.
The blockchain industry has come a long way. It started 12 years ago as a payment method and store of value. The technology slowly evolved to be a solution for supply chain management, digital security, voting applications, financial applications, and digital ownership in the form of tokens called NFTs and much more.
In 2021, blockchain technology became much more mainstream not only with the explosion of the NFT ecosystem but it gained adoption or is being explored by companies like Nike, Adidas, Facebook (Meta), PayPal, Visa, Ubisoft, and Shopify.
I think its going to flourish like crazy, Medved says of blockchain. Were starting to make investments in those types of companies. We have not been big players or players at all in ICOs or cryptocurrencies but we believe in DeFi and that theres going to be a lot of business applications utilizing the blockchain and now is the time.
The blockchain industry is set to be worth $67.8 billion by 2026, according to market reports.
Blockchain is expected to continue being a strong and emerging sector into 2022, especially in Israel.
In November, American cryptocurrency exchange Coinbase acquired Unbound Security for a believed $150 million, according to a report. Coinbase not only gains access to some of the worlds most sophisticated cryptographic security experts but also a presence in Israel Weve long recognized Israel as a hotbed of strong technology and cryptography talent, reads a press release.
According to data compiled by Start-Up Nation Finder, cryptocurrency-tagged companies raised, for the first time ever, over $1 billion in funding for 2021. While a big milestone for the Israeli Web3 ecosystem, the global acceleration of the cryptocurrency markets crossing $2 trillion leaves a lot of room for Israels growth within this sector.
The pandemic accelerated the need for digital health solutions such as telemedicine, at-home medical devices, and personalized treatments.
Theres no slowing [digital health] down because people will get healthier, it will become much more efficient and it will reduce medical costs, says Medved.
Israel has long been a powerhouse in the health-tech space and COVID-19 has only upped its innovation. Israel has over 1,400 digital health startups, according to Start-Up Nation Finder.
On a global level, telehealth has increased 38 times from pre-COVID-19 levels, according to market reports. Global healthcare spending is set to hit over $10 trillion in 2022, and Fortune Business Insight predicts telehealth to be a $397 billion industry by 2027.
Israeli companies are all over the digital health space, with artificial intelligence for drug discovery, molecular diagnostics for personalized treatments, and VR-based FDA compliant telehealth meetings.
Among the companies to hit the news in 2021, are the likes of air filter companies like Aura Air, which this past week won the approval of the health and education ministries to be installed in 700 Jerusalem classrooms, and Tadiran which says it removes 99.9% of COVID-19 particles from the air. Additionally, SaNOtize, invented a nasal spray to kill the virus with a spritz and MigVax, claims to have an oral effective booster against the virus.
Also earlier this month, eight Israeli startups werenamedto the prestigiousDigital Health 150, an annual global ranking by New York-based research firm CB Insights of the 150 most promising companies using digital technology to transform the healthcare industry.
On health care technology, Medved told NoCamels, The most important word today in venture capital seems to be velocity. There seems to be a speed at which funding is getting done, companies are growing much faster than before and thats happening in healthcare too which is one of the slower moving areas because of the need for approval and you even see the FDA, because of the changes made in the pandemic just moving a lot faster.
Food tech conquered the headlines in 2021, with a wide range of jaw-dropping innovations.
And Israel is taking part in this revolution of what we eat, how we eat it, what its wrapped in, and how it gets from farm to our plate.
In September, Margalit Startup City Galil the International Foodtech Center, developed in conjunction with the Jewish National Fund (JNF), opened its doors. The center is dedicated to the application of food science and food technologies.
Lab-grown meat was a buzzword in 2021 and is likely going to continue to demand solutions that tackle the harmful effects of livestock systems and reduce the populations reliance on livestock in 2022. Earlier this year, NoCamels reported on the Israeli FoodTech incubator The Kitchen Hub and how its using its resources to cultivate sustainable innovations in the food industry.
Indeed, the Food and Agriculture Organizations of the UN found that the livestock sector emerges as one of the top two or three most significant contributors to the most serious environmental problems.
In November, the worlds first lab-grown meat factory opened in Israel.
Future Meat Technologies, a cell-grown meat developer, raised the most in the sectors history with a Series B investment of $347 million. This investment broke records as the biggest single investment in a cultured meat company to date.
Beyond the lab-grown meat trend, a slew of companies like Imagindairy develop animal-free dairy, Ukko designs proteins that dont trigger allergic responses, and ZeroEgg produces plant-based eggs that aim to behave and taste like the real thing.
Were (globally) investing broadly in food, a ton of money, in next generation milk, eggs, fish, and reduced sugar. Were investing in agriculture tech in terms of data collection and sensors, but not for one year, says Medved.
See the article here:
7 Tech Trends Where Israel Could Make An Impact In 2022 - NoCamels - Israeli Innovation News
Research Fellow, Theory, Centre for Quantum Technologies job with NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE | 275976 – Times Higher Education (THE)
About the Centre for Quantum Technologies
The Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT) is a research centre of excellence in Singapore. It brings together physicists, computer scientists and engineers to do basic research on quantum physics and to build devices based on quantum phenomena. Experts in this new discipline of quantum technologies are applying their discoveries in computing, communications, and sensing.
CQT is hosted by the National University of Singapore and also has staff at Nanyang Technological University. With some 180 researchers and students, it offers a friendly and international work environment.Learn more about CQT at http://www.quantumlah.org
Job Description
The job opening is for a Postdoctoral Research Fellow (theory), in the subject of quantum error correction and fault-tolerant quantum computing. The successful candidate will work in the group of A/Prof Ng Hui Khoon, at the Centre for Quantum Technologies in NUS. A PhD in quantum computing related fields is expected, and prior experience in quantum error correction and fault tolerance will be a strong plus point.
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Research Fellow, Theory, Centre for Quantum Technologies job with NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE | 275976 - Times Higher Education (THE)
The Spanish who have entered this year 2021 in the Guinness Book of Records | Life – Central Valley Business Journal
We already have the complete list of Spaniards who have managed to enter the Guinness Book of Records during this 2021. From a man who makes rings to an Olympic Karate champion. This is the full list.
For many, the Guinness Record is a book where you can spend the afternoon looking at curiosities. Or rather discovering the free time that people have when it comes to achieving really curious feats (some even questionable).
But the reality is that people put a lot of effort into being the best at a specific task in order to be part of a select group made up of a few thousand people.
Now that 2021 has come to an end the organization of the Guinness Record has published a list with the Spanish who have achieved a record during this year. This is the complete list in which surely more than one sounds like something to you, lets find out:
Be very careful if you see this tree: according to the Guinness Record, it is the most dangerous tree in the world. It is very toxic and can be fatal to humans.
Alejandro Soler, more muscle-ups on rings in an hour: On February 1, 2021, Alejandro Soler Tar performed 156 muscle-ups on rings in Alicante. Alejandro also held the record for the most push-ups in a minute carrying a 100-pound pack: 49. Christian Lpez, longer with a bicycle balanced on his chin: On April 25, 2020, Christian Roberto Lpez Rodrguez balanced a bicycle on his chin for 9 minutes and 41.29 seconds in Toledo. The Grefg, Most Concurrent Viewers on a Twitch Broadcast: On January 11, 2021, David TheGrefg Cnovas Martnez reached a peak audience of 2,468,668 simultaneous viewers on Twitch in Alhama de Murcia. Enrique Stuyck, more letters to the editor published in one year (same newspaper): Between May 29, 2019 and May 28, 2020, the sports newspaper Diario AS published 84 letters to the editor written by Enrique Stuyck Rom.
IBM has just announced a new milestone in the quantum computing sector: they have created the most powerful quantum computer to date, being capable of operating with 53 qubits.
lvaro Martn Mendieta, the fastest time to put the laces on a pair of shoes and tie them: On August 7, 2020, lvaro Martn Mendieta only needed 31.96 seconds to put the laces on a pair of shoes and tie them in Rivas Vaciamadrid. Pedro Elis Cinta, more time juggling five basketballs: On September 7, 2020, Pedro Elis Cinta kept five basketballs in the air for 1 min and 14.36 s in Osuna, Seville.
The Kempinski Hotel Bahia, near Marbella has the most expensive Christmas tree in the world. It is valued at $ 15 million for its luxury jewelry decoration.
Rafa Nadal, more Grand Slam mens singles titles: On October 11, 2020, Manacor tennis player Rafael Nadal equaled Roger Federers (Switzerland) record of 20 victories in individual Grand Slam tournaments after overwhelming Serbian Novak Djokovic in the final of the French Open held at Stade Roland Garros in Paris. Sandra Snchez, more medals won in the Karate 1 Premier League: From January 10, 2014 to March 12, 2021, Olympian Sandra Snchez won 36 medals in the World Karate Foundations top competition. This summer he won Gold at the Tokyo Olympics.
Without a doubt, we Spaniards are a nation of records, and if not you just have to take a look at this list. Lets see what awaits us in this coming 2022. Merry Christmas.
Quantum computation is helping uncover materials that turn wasted heat into electricity – The Next Web
The need to transition to clean energy is apparent, urgent and inescapable. We must limit Earths rising temperature to within 1.5 C to avoid the worst effects of climate change an especially daunting challenge in the face of the steadily increasing global demand for energy.
Part of the answer is using energy more efficiently. More than 72 per cent of all energy produced worldwide is lost in the form of heat. For example, the engine in a car uses only about 30 per cent of the gasoline it burns to move the car. The remainder is dissipated as heat.
Recovering even a tiny fraction of that lost energy would have a tremendous impact on climate change. Thermoelectric materials, which convert wasted heat into useful electricity, can help.
Until recently, the identification of these materials had been slow. My colleagues and I have used quantum computations a computer-based modelling approach to predict materials properties to speed up that process and identify more than 500 thermoelectric materials that could convert excess heat to electricity, and help improve energy efficiency.
The transformation of heat into electrical energy by thermoelectric materials is based on the Seebeck effect. In 1826, German physicist Thomas Johann Seebeck observed that exposing the ends of joined pieces of dissimilar metals to different temperatures generated a magnetic field, which was later recognized to be caused by an electric current.
Shortly after his discovery, metallic thermoelectric generators were fabricated to convert heat from gas burners into an electric current. But, as it turned out, metals exhibit only a low Seebeck effect they are not very efficient at converting heat into electricity.
The kerosene radio was designed for rural areas, and was powered by the kerosene lamp hanging above it. The flame created a temperature difference across metals to generate the electrical current. Image via Popular Science, Issue 6, 1956
In 1929, the Russian scientist Abraham Ioffe revolutionized the field of thermoelectricity. He observed that semiconductors materials whose ability to conduct electricity falls between that of metals (like copper) and insulators (like glass) exhibit a significantly higher Seebeck effect than metals, boosting thermoelectric efficiency 40-fold, from 0.1 per cent to four per cent.
This discovery led to the development of the first widely used thermoelectric generator, the Russian lamp a kerosene lamp that heated a thermoelectric material to power a radio.
Today, thermoelectric applications range from energy generation in space probes to cooling devices in portable refrigerators. For example, space explorations are powered by radioisotope thermoelectric generators, converting the heat from naturally decaying plutonium into electricity. In the movie The Martian, for example, a box of plutonium saved the life of the character played by Matt Damon, by keeping him warm on Mars.
Despite this vast diversity of applications, wide-scale commercialization of thermoelectric materials is still limited by their low efficiency.
Whats holding them back? Two key factors must be considered: the conductive properties of the materials, and their ability to maintain a temperature difference, which makes it possible to generate electricity.
The best thermoelectric material would have the electronic properties of semiconductors and the poor heat conduction of glass. But this unique combination of properties is not found in naturally occurring materials. We have to engineer them.
In the past decade, new strategies to engineer thermoelectric materials have emerged due to an enhanced understanding of their underlying physics. In a recent study in Nature Materials, researchers from Seoul National University, Aachen University and Northwestern University reported they had engineered a material called tin selenide with the highest thermoelectric performance to date, nearly twice that of 20 years ago. But it took them nearly a decade to optimize it.
To speed up the discovery process, my colleagues and I have used quantum calculations to search for new thermoelectric candidates with high efficiencies. We searched a database containing thousands of materials to look for those that would have high electronic qualities and low levels of heat conduction, based on their chemical and physical properties. These insights helped us find the best materials to synthesize and test, and calculate their thermoelectric efficiency.
We are almost at the point where thermoelectric materials can be widely applied, but first we need to develop much more efficient materials. With so many possibilities and variables, finding the way forward is like searching for a tiny needle in an enormous haystack.
Just as a metal detector can zero in on a needle in a haystack, quantum computations can accelerate the discovery of efficient thermoelectric materials. Such calculations can accurately predict electron and heat conduction (including the Seebeck effect) for thousands of materials and unveil the previously hidden and highly complex interactions between those properties, which can influence a materials efficiency.
Large-scale applications will require themoelectric materials that are inexpensive, non-toxic and abundant. Lead and tellurium are found in todays thermoelectric materials, but their cost and negative environmental impact make them good targets for replacement.
Quantum calculations can be applied in a way to search for specific sets of materials using parameters such as scarcity, cost and efficiency. Although those calculations can reveal optimum thermoelectric materials, synthesizing the materials with the desired properties remains a challenge.
A multi-institutional effort involving government-run laboratories and universities in the United States, Canada and Europe has revealed more than 500 previously unexplored materials with high predicted thermoelectric efficiency. My colleagues and I are currently investigating the thermoelectric performance of those materials in experiments, and have already discovered new sources of high thermoelectric efficiency.
Those initial results strongly suggest that further quantum computations can pinpoint the most efficient combinations of materials to make clean energy from wasted heat and the avert the catastrophe that looms over our planet.
This article by Jan-Hendrik Phls, McCall MacBain Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.
Quantum Cryptography Market Share-Size, Growth Drivers 2021, Global Demand, Emerging Trends, Opportunities in Grooming Regions, Key Players…
Quantum Cryptography market report contains detailed information on factors influencing demand, growth, opportunities, challenges, and restraints. It provides detailed information about the structure and prospects for global and regional industries. In addition, the report includes data on research & development, new product launches, product responses from the global and local markets by leading players. The structured analysis offers a graphical representation and a diagrammatic breakdown of the Quantum Cryptography market by region.
Quantum cryptography Market is expected to reach $1.53 billion by 2023 growing at a CAGR of around 26.13% during the forecast period.
Quantum Cryptography Market: Global Drivers Restraints Opportunities Trends and Forecasts up to 2024
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Overview:Quantum cryptography is a new method for secret communications that provides the assurance of security of digital data. Quantum cryptography is primarily based on the usage of individual particles/waves of light (photon) and their essential quantum properties for the development of an unbreakable cryptosystem primarily because it is impossible to measure the quantum state of any system without disturbing that system. It is hypothetically possible that other particles could be used but photons offer all the necessary qualities needed the their behavior is comparatively understandable and they are the information carriers in optical fiber cables the most promising medium for very high-bandwidth communications.
Quantum computing majorly focuses on the growing computer technology that is built on the platform of quantum theory which provides the description about the nature and behavior of energy and matter at quantum level. The fame of quantum mechanics in cryptography is growing because they are being used extensively in the encryption of information. Quantum cryptography allows the transmission of the most critical data at the most secured level which in turn propels the growth of the quantum computing market. Quantum computing has got a huge array of applications.
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Market Analysis:According to Reportocean Research the Global Quantum cryptography Market is expected to reach $1.53 billion by 2023 growing at a CAGR of around 26.13% during the forecast period. The market is experiencing growth due to the increase in the data security and privacy concerns. In addition with the growth in the adoption of cloud storage and computing technologies is driving the market forward. However low customer awareness about quantum cryptography is hindering the market growth. The rising demands for security solutions across different verticals is expected to create lucrative opportunities for the market.
Market Segmentation Analysis:The report provides a wide-ranging evaluation of the market. It provides in-depth qualitative insights historical data and supportable projections and assumptions about the market size. The projections featured in the report have been derived using proven research methodologies and assumptions based on the vendors portfolio blogs whitepapers and vendor presentations. Thus the research report serves every side of the market and is segmented based on regional markets type applications and end-users.
Countries and Vertical Analysis:The report contains an in-depth analysis of the vendor profiles which include financial health business units key business priorities SWOT strategy and views; and competitive landscape. The prominent vendors covered in the report include ID Quantique MagiQ Technologies Nucrypt Infineon Technologies Qutools QuintenssenceLabs Crypta Labs PQ Solutions and Qubitekk and others. The vendors have been identified based on the portfolio geographical presence marketing & distribution channels revenue generation and significant investments in R&D.
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Competitive AnalysisThe report covers and analyzes the global intelligent apps market. Various strategies such as joint ventures partnerships collaborations and contracts have been considered. In addition as customers are in search of better solutions there is expected to be a rising number of strategic partnerships for better product development. There is likely to be an increase in the number of mergers acquisitions and strategic partnerships during the forecast period.Companies such as Nucrypt Crypta Labs Qutools and Magiq Technologies are the key players in the global Quantum Cryptography market. Nucrypt has developed technologies for emerging applications in metrology and communication.
The company has also produced and manufactured electronic and optical pulsers. In addition Crypta Labs deals in application security for devices. The company deals in Quantum Random Number Generator products and solutions and Internet of Things (IoT). The major sectors the company is looking at are transport military and medical.
The report includes the complete insight of the industry and aims to provide an opportunity for the emerging and established players to understand the market trends current scenario initiatives taken by the government and the latest technologies related to the market. In addition it helps the venture capitalists in understanding the companies better and to take informed decisions.
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Regional AnalysisThe Americas held the largest chunk of market share in 2017 and is expected to dominate the quantum cryptography market during the forecast period. The region has always been a hub for high investments in research and development (R&D) activities thus contributing to the development of new technologies. The growing concerns for the security of IT infrastructure and complex data in America have directed the enterprises in this region to adopt quantum cryptography and reliable authentication solutions.
BenefitsThe report provides an in-depth analysis of the global intelligent apps market aiming to reduce the time to market the products and services reduce operational cost improve accuracy and operational performance. With the help of quantum cryptography various organizations can secure their crucial information and increase productivity and efficiency. In addition the solutions are proven to be reliable and improve scalability. The report discusses the types applications and regions related to this market. Further the report provides details about the major challenges impacting the market growth.
Region/Country Cover in the Report
Americas EMEA and APAC
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Key Players Covered in the Report
Nucrypt Crypta Labs Qutools and Magiq
This report covers aspects of the regional analysis market.The report includes data about North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, the Middle East, and Africa.This report analyzes current and future market trends by region, providing information on product usage and consumption.Reports on the market include the growth rate of every region, based on their countries over the forecast period.
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